Table 3.1.—U.S. Direct Investment Position Abroad on a Historical-Cost Basis, 1998

[Millions of dollars]

	All industries	Petroleum	Manufacturing								Wholesale trade	Depository institutions	Finance (except depository institutions), insurance, and real estate	Services	Other industries
			Total	Food and kindred products	Chemicals and allied products	Primary and fabricated metals	Industrial machinery and equipment	Electronic and other electric equipment	Transportation equipment	Other manufacturing
All countries	1,014,012	92,964	294,129	35,074	79,868	18,776	31,348	32,398	33,939	62,725	70,014	40,582	375,965	60,696.	79,663
Canada	101,871	13,573	41,780	4,997	7,989	3,128	2,915	2,138	10,057	10,557	7,376	1,199	22,860	4,783	10,300
Europe	528,113	33,824	150,714	16,431	50,041	11,256	18,516	11,704	13,066	29,702	39,073	23,874	214,000	37,377	29,251
Austria	3,850	152	1,060	30	45	2	107	395	295	186	504	(/D/)	(/D/)	203	–31
Belgium	18,637	156	8,497	1,194	5,214	133	254	335	458	909	2,617	321	4,748	2,365	–67
Denmark	2,854	582	589	120	60	51	(/D/)	209	–8	(/D/)	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)	151	54
Finland	1,695	40	994	11	309	(/D/)	3	(/D/)	(/D/)	48	296	20	(/D/)	70	(/D/)
France	42,067	1,083	19,826	3,539	4,331	4,462	2,492	892	928	3,182	2,720	1,688	9,689	5,094	1,967
Germany	46,405	3,245	22,219	1,035	2,619	2,016	4,187	675	7,292	4,396	3,173	1,507	12,153	2,082	2,025
Greece	639	(/D/)	90	–9	43	1	0	9	0	46	93	155	128	46	(/D/)
Ireland	16,991	(/D/)	7,915	572	2,908	175	122	1,382	15	2,741	276	(/D/)	7,170	1,103	(/D/)
Italy	16,008	(/D/)	8,309	806	3,124	97	863	757	757	1,905	2,631	334	882	2,448	(/D/)
Luxembourg	14,524	(/D/)	2,563	2	0	(/D/)	9	4	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	257	11,089	37	17
Netherlands	93,592	2,831	15,643	1,139	9,623	387	1,007	1,372	310	1,806	7,799	93	59,154	7,220	852
Norway	7,015	3,801	841	(/D/)	17	2	180	7	15	(/D/)	229	(/D/)	1,549	309	(/D/)
Portugal	1,476	(/D/)	359	113	114	–5	(/D/)	(/D/)	37	25	344	239	262	122	(/D/)
Spain	13,676	199	8,414	1,684	1,320	1,593	167	984	1,565	1,099	1,525	2,115	515	548	361
Sweden	5,339	79	1,809	18	202	6	187	114	(/D/)	(/D/)	298	(/D/)	1,500	1,059	(/D/)
Switzerland	40,144	5	5,197	47	2,911	172	551	607	267	642	8,128	2,588	22,268	1,519	438
Turkey	1,074	82	594	211	59	(/D/)	0	–17	99	(/D/)	–18	224	(/D/)	57	(/D/)
United Kingdom	192,663	18,372	43,633	4,840	16,661	1,879	8,025	3,337	981	7,909	7,000	10,491	79,208	12,844	21,116
Other	9,465	1,665	2,163	(/D/)	481	(/D/)	361	17	58	557	400	(/D/)	(/D/)	100	1,335
Latin America and Other Western Hemisphere	200,477	8,275	49,627	10,114	11,202	2,583	2,966	2,957	7,700	12,104	6,840	3,429	103,899	6,972	21,436
South America	74,254	5,541	30,872	4,726	7,652	2,087	1,595	2,464	4,233	8,114	1,999	4,782	13,689	3,334	14,038
Argentina	12,834	677	3,600	976	1,112	351	50	(*)	445	667	423	1,840	3,533	905	1,856
Brazil	38,195	1,728	22,760	2,654	5,507	1,348	1,530	2,333	3,190	6,199	517	1,662	5,173	1,777	4,577
Chile	9,351	18	1,022	162	294	209	21	(/D/)	(/D/)	205	380	636	3,634	201	3,461
Colombia	3,732	954	1,092	302	352	(/D/)	–7	24	(/D/)	307	154	180	807	59	486
Ecuador	1,017	577	196	(/D/)	70	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	24	61	66	21	86	4	67
Peru	2,088	122	210	75	83	(/D/)	1	0	0	(/D/)	102	54	279	32	1,288
Venezuela	5,729	1,298	1,802	479	190	124	–1	94	393	522	261	85	64	327	1,891
Other	1,308	167	189	(/D/)	43	0	1	0	0	(/D/)	96	304	112	28	412
Central America	57,764	1,245	17,057	5,348	2,532	(/D/)	1,373	(/D/)	3,466	3,601	2,843	844	29,362	1,725	4,689
Costa Rica	2,080	28	619	87	135	20	(/D/)	78	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)
Guatemala	405	134	189	83	58	2	0	0	0	46	26	5	12	5	34
Honduras	117	(/D/)	190	185	2	(*)	0	0	0	3	2	5	29	0	(/D/)
Mexico	28,396	(/D/)	15,891	4,951	2,292	428	(/D/)	(/D/)	3,466	3,421	989	699	4,946	(/D/)	4,589
Panama	25,982	620	137	32	28	10	0	0	0	68	(/D/)	118	24,103	(/D/)	(/D/)
Other	785	(/D/)	30	10	16	(/D/)	0	–15	0	(/D/)	25	18	(/D/)	8	(/D/)
Other Western Hemisphere	68,459	1,489	1,698	40	1,018	(/D/)	–1	(/D/)	0	389	1,999	–2,198	60,848	1,914	2,710
Bahamas	160	58	81	0	(/D/)	0	–3	0	0	(/D/)	98	–1,551	1,306	117	51
Barbados	950	82	5	0	0	0	0	2	0	4	189	(/D/)	308	313	(/D/)
Bermuda	40,403	(/D/)	3	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	1,122	0	37,788	1,277	(/D/)
Dominican Republic	653	(/D/)	371	22	22	0	0	0	0	327	22	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)	105
Jamaica	2,100	(/D/)	144	–5	141	0	0	0	0	9	(/D/)	11	6	39	1,648
Netherlands Antilles	4,372	(/D/)	27	(/D/)	0	0	0	0	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	5	4,299	(/D/)	(*)
Trinidad and Tobago	1,005	703	54	(*)	6	(/D/)	2	0	0	(/D/)	20	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	(/D/)
United Kingdom Islands, Caribbean	18,203	306	(/D/)	1	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	0	1	315	–769	16,677	114	(/D/)
Other	614	167	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	0	0	0	3	(*)	7	(/D/)	35	(/D/)
Africa	14,241	9,806	1,829	567	301	235	58	87	161	421	204	338	627	178	1,257
Egypt	2,036	1,452	430	(/D/)	32	5	13	(*)	(/D/)	(*)	28	163	0	–48	13
Nigeria	1,788	1,559	55	(/D/)	19	–1	0	0	(/D/)	0	1	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	4
South Africa	2,312	(/D/)	855	165	199	(/D/)	43	75	(/D/)	281	111	(/D/)	245	168	(/D/)
Other	8,105	(/D/)	489	75	50	(/D/)	2	12	(/D/)	140	64	(/D/)	(/D/)	59	(/D/)
Middle East	10,632	2,951	2,376	75	88	44	5	1,541	11	612	296	850	2,300	428	1,430
Israel	2,922	41	2,191	71	67	(/D/)	–16	1,539	(/D/)	509	(/D/)	0	389	(/D/)	(/D/)
Saudi Arabia	4,276	272	154	14	65	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	5	52	(/D/)	687	1,621	270	(/D/)
United Arab Emirates	687	277	80	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	0	(/D/)	112	(/D/)	(/D/)	71	(/D/)
Other	2,747	2,361	–48	–9	(/D/)	0	16	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)
Asia and Pacific	155,364	22,546	47,803	2,890	10,247	1,531	6,888	13,972	2,946	9,330	16,225	10,892	32,278	10,957	14,663
Australia	31,150	4,100	6,952	830	2,494	424	636	165	1,041	1,361	2,210	2,585	6,222	2,299	6,782
China	6,481	938	3,785	170	327	189	643	1,757	–8	706	222	127	795	44	570
Hong Kong	18,421	598	3,292	9	355	380	244	1,206	29	1,068	4,319	1,766	4,604	997	2,844
India	1,460	190	367	–40	106	–43	234	75	–61	95	93	402	343	38	26
Indonesia	7,916	5,019	203	(/D/)	137	8	–17	35	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	186	207	58	(/D/)
Japan	35,633	4,402	12,053	777	3,133	322	997	1,944	1,653	3,226	3,823	551	8,649	5,785	370
Korea, Republic of	7,395	(/D/)	2,818	379	529	28	322	554	119	887	638	2,243	23	453	(/D/)
Malaysia	5,743	833	3,705	3	288	6	548	2,624	0	235	183	393	352	276	(*)
New Zealand	6,041	330	797	(/D/)	95	25	15	35	0	(/D/)	245	(/D/)	3,491	36	(/D/)
Philippines	3,930	283	1,564	337	398	33	13	599	0	183	157	288	1,204	199	234
Singapore	18,427	2,695	7,085	13	412	40	2,328	3,651	176	466	2,786	735	4,419	627	79
Taiwan	6,262	49	3,450	51	1,680	45	289	1,100	(/D/)	(/D/)	487	611	1,449	77	138
Thailand	5,383	1,211	1,732	109	316	70	639	222	(/D/)	(/D/)	1,003	485	452	39	461
Other	1,123	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)	–23	2	–5	3	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)	(/D/)	66	28	31
International/1/	3,315	1,990	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	....	1,325
Addenda:
Eastern Europe/2/	7,902	1,666	2,140	571	491	117	361	–6	58	548	238	313	2,221	17	1,307
European Union (15)/3/	470,416	28,271	141,920	15,093	46,573	10,852	17,423	11,090	12,626	28,261	30,334	19,560	187,688	35,392	27,252
OPEC/4/	25,298	12,773	2,254	542	368	160	–2	130	336	719	479	1,160	2,257	787	5,588

* Less than $500,000 (+/-).

D Suppressed to avoid disclosure of data of individual companies.

1. "International" consists of affiliates that have operations spanning more than one country and that are engaged in petroleum shipping, other water transportation, or offshore oil and gas drilling.
2. "Eastern Europe" comprises Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
3. The European Union (15) comprises Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
4. OPEC is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.