Table 4.1.—Foreign Direct Investment Position in the United States on a Historical-Cost Basis, 1998

[Millions of dollars]

	All industries	Petroleum	Manufacturing						Wholesale trade	Retail trade	Depository institutions	Finance, except depository institutions	Insurance	Real estate	Services	Other industries
			Total	Food and kindred products	Chemicals and allied products	Primary and fabricated metals	Machinery	Other manufacturing
All countries	793,748	51,729	334,898	22,026	95,662	19,340	62,067	135,803	89,980	21,090	43,804	45,895	77,785	43,558	41,271	43,741
Canada	74,143	2,526	26,507	4,402	2,425	3,274	5,327	11,079	4,216	988	2,664	7,874	7,624	9,080	1,491	11,171
Europe	528,601	46,008	251,750	15,734	85,933	11,840	36,590	101,653	45,513	16,723	25,547	16,817	63,117	11,869	29,861	21,396
Austria	1,969	(/D/)	360	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	142	108	393	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	7	(/D/)	–1
Belgium	10,966	(/D/)	4,068	3	3,173	(/D/)	(/D/)	599	1,096	735	(/D/)	2,108	2	49	1,420	(/D/)
Denmark	3,312	5	831	180	19	(*)	359	273	1,871	8	(/D/)	(/D/)	–4	(/D/)	10	316
Finland	4,106	(/D/)	1,262	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	110	582	1,799	115	(/D/)	–46	(/D/)	15	13	(/D/)
France	58,051	(/D/)	38,087	2,538	13,919	1,753	10,839	9,038	2,426	21	2,598	5,140	4,715	(/D/)	2,034	2,552
Germany	94,404	138	54,392	141	18,052	2,790	6,738	26,671	9,226	2,504	5,644	1,673	10,196	3,002	5,750	1,878
Ireland	12,484	739	2,674	896	(/D/)	(/D/)	381	1,298	3,433	(/D/)	(/D/)	–203	1,799	33	358	1,347
Italy	4,143	(/D/)	918	–51	182	278	41	467	329	609	1,089	(/D/)	(/D/)	72	(/D/)	213
Liechtenstein	109	0	(/D/)	–1	0	–9	4	(/D/)	56	0	0	4	0	42	(/D/)	37
Luxembourg	26,650	93	(/D/)	206	(/D/)	501	(/D/)	(/D/)	1,326	(/D/)	0	116	(/D/)	(/D/)	3,236	(/D/)
Netherlands	98,926	11,400	38,041	2,731	11,311	1,299	6,065	16,635	5,755	7,098	7,089	3,451	16,855	5,561	2,273	1,405
Norway	3,833	(/D/)	1,938	(/D/)	929	(/D/)	304	38	161	2	(/D/)	–5	2	44	(/D/)	204
Spain	2,285	–3	728	19	9	(/D/)	5	(/D/)	151	84	1,111	–75	168	48	(/D/)	(/D/)
Sweden	15,139	(/D/)	7,335	0	801	592	3,644	2,299	4,350	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	831	924	950	343
Switzerland	48,403	243	24,253	2,360	14,978	401	1,483	5,031	2,307	258	(/D/)	1,232	15,021	230	2,150	(/D/)
United Kingdom	143,165	30,069	54,765	6,520	21,337	2,223	4,571	20,115	10,692	4,265	3,382	2,933	12,266	1,452	11,055	12,284
Other	654	11	389	47	–6	(*)	266	81	139	(/D/)	11	4	(*)	111	(/D/)	–1
Latin America and Other Western Hemisphere	27,854	917	4,351	643	1,038	503	771	1,397	2,109	909	3,728	2,013	5,620	4,057	1,261	2,888
South and Central America	9,819	–693	1,159	1,069	–201	236	–236	290	283	16	2,802	428	(/D/)	190	109	(/D/)
Brazil	635	(/D/)	–176	–11	(/D/)	(/D/)	–100	22	–30	1	680	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	–4	23
Mexico	2,432	–8	1,315	1,082	–107	68	–58	330	451	5	75	26	2	54	173	340
Panama	6,504	(/D/)	165	1	(/D/)	(/D/)	–10	–58	–104	3	(/D/)	290	(/D/)	148	–45	342
Venezuela	–529	(/D/)	–23	(*)	–12	(*)	–14	3	–2	2	260	–1	6	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)
Other	778	10	–123	–3	–62	2	–53	–7	–32	5	(/D/)	(/D/)	11	6	(/D/)	–9
Other Western Hemisphere	18,034	1,611	3,192	–426	1,238	267	1,007	1,107	1,826	893	925	1,585	(/D/)	3,867	1,152	(/D/)
Bahamas	2,077	(/D/)	147	(/D/)	1	(/D/)	0	4	474	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	385	309	108
Bermuda	3,740	182	219	–22	(/D/)	3	(/D/)	35	213	307	5	–21	597	594	40	1,606
Netherlands Antilles	2,844	(/D/)	788	(/D/)	1,004	(/D/)	(/D/)	163	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	21	–2	331	–45	114
United Kingdom Islands, Caribbean	9,009	506	2,054	6	(/D/)	(/D/)	981	907	820	38	642	(/D/)	(/D/)	2,652	715	308
Other	363	(/D/)	–16	–3	–11	2	–1	–3	(/D/)	(/D/)	3	24	(/D/)	–94	134	(/D/)
Africa	862	3	–92	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	–14	–293	98	17	47	445	0	115	116	114
South Africa	121	2	–85	(/D/)	–2	0	–14	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	0	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	–1
Other	741	(*)	–7	4	(/D/)	(/D/)	(*)	(/D/)	(/D/)	17	47	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	115
Middle East	6,346	925	691	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	333	164	157	23	904	201	0	3,297	138	10
Israel	2,084	–3	867	(/D/)	(/D/)	(/D/)	509	162	156	(/D/)	793	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	54	15
Kuwait	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	3,222	(/D/)	(*)
Lebanon	–19	0	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	0	(*)	–2	0	0	0	(/D/)	0	(*)
Saudi Arabia	(/D/)	(/D/)	–6	0	0	0	–7	2	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	2	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	–4
United Arab Emirates	43	–11	–2	0	–2	(*)	–1	0	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	1	0	12	0	(/D/)
Other	–102	0	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	–1	(/D/)	0	1	–3	48	–5	0	42	11	(/D/)
Asia and Pacific	155,943	1,350	51,691	1,294	5,793	3,741	19,060	21,803	37,887	2,430	10,913	18,545	1,423	15,139	8,404	8,161
Australia	12,883	780	2,142	–67	247	546	581	836	–37	14	157	(/D/)	(/D/)	744	(/D/)	6,285
Hong Kong	1,578	(/D/)	385	(/D/)	–8	(/D/)	183	28	413	11	224	(/D/)	1	204	323	12
Japan	134,590	734	47,347	1,158	4,671	3,127	17,600	20,791	35,462	2,331	8,803	16,518	991	12,688	7,564	2,152
Korea, Republic of	974	(/D/)	15	(/D/)	54	–42	–32	(/D/)	844	(/D/)	35	(/D/)	(/D/)	46	15	2
Malaysia	100	(/D/)	54	2	1	1	39	11	22	0	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	74	130	–8
New Zealand	337	0	23	7	–2	(/D/)	5	(/D/)	176	(/D/)	(/D/)	0	(/D/)	71	–4	23
Philippines	93	(*)	11	–2	1	0	12	(*)	–4	(*)	102	0	–6	–2	0	–8
Singapore	1,561	–11	243	(/D/)	–39	(/D/)	217	48	299	4	118	–3	(*)	1,303	12	–404
Taiwan	3,144	–2	1,454	–1	928	1	437	89	595	(/D/)	857	20	7	35	53	(/D/)
Other	683	–22	16	(/D/)	–58	(/D/)	19	–31	117	7	600	5	2	–24	(/D/)	(/D/)
Addenda:
European Union (15)/1/	475,725	44,637	225,196	13,276	70,032	10,833	34,535	96,520	42,856	16,463	22,912	15,581	48,095	11,681	27,431	20,874
OPEC/2/	4,132	113	–55	(*)	–15	(*)	–21	–19	4	25	595	(/D/)	6	3,290	71	(/D/)

* Less than $500,000 (+/-).

D Suppressed to avoid disclosure of data of individual companies.

1. The European Union (15) comprises Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
2. OPEC is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.