Table 10.—Research and Development Intensity of Nonbank U.S. Affiliates and of All U.S. Businesses, by Industry, 1992

	Privately funded R&D performed by nonbank U.S. affiliates, in millions of dollars			R&D employment of nonbank U.S. affiliates, in thousands	Measures of R&D intensity/1/
					Privately funded R&D as a percentage of sales/2/		R&D employment as a percentage of total employment/3/
	Total	For U.S. affiliates themselves	For others		R&D-performing nonbank U.S. affiliates, 1992	All R&D-performing U.S. companies, 1991/4/	R&D-performing nonbank U.S. affiliates, 1992	All R&D-performing U.S. companies, 1991/4/
All industries	13,524	12,956	568	103.9	2.6	3.0	4.8	4.3
Petroleum	584	559	25	3.7	1.1	1.1	4.5	2.4
Manufacturing	11,155	10,822	333	86.4	3.3	3.8	4.9	n.a.
Food and kindred products	257	257	0	2.1	.8	.4	1.2	.6
Chemicals and allied products	6,069	5,867	202	37.6	5.1	5.7	7.6	7.6
Industrial chemicals	2,388	2,261	127	14.1	3.7	4.8	5.2	5.6
Drugs	3,189	3,169	20	18.3	11.7	9.7	14.6	11.3
Other/5/	492	437	55	5.1	1.9	3.5	5.1	6.5
Primary metal industries	175	166	9	1.7	.8	1.1	1.8	/(S)/
Ferrous	53	45	8	.6	.5	.6	1.1	/(S)/
Nonferrous	123	122	1	1.1	1.1	1.7	2.6	/(S)/
Fabricated metal products	141	141	(*)	1.3	.9	1.0	1.5	/(S)/
Machinery, except electrical	1,105	1,055	50	9.5	3.5	9.2	5.3	8.4
Computer and office equipment	795	755	40	5.5	8.0	16.1	12.2	15.4
Other	310	300	10	4.0	1.4	4.0	3.0	3.3
Electric and electronic equipment	2,002	1,955	47	20.1	4.4	4.7	7.6	7.8
Audio, video, and communications equipment	1,150	1,119	31	12.7	6.8	4.3	14.9	/(S)/
Electronic components	278	275	3	2.8	3.8	8.7	6.4	/(S)/
Other	573	561	12	4.6	2.7	2.4	3.4	/(S)/
Textile products and apparel	41	41	0	.5	1.1	.4	1.5	/(S)/
Lumber and furniture	9	7	2	.2	.5	.7	1.6	/(S)/
Paper and allied products	63	62	1	.6	.8	.8	1.5	1.2
Printing and publishing	48	39	9	.9	.9	.6	2.5	.8
Rubber and plastics products	247	247	(*)	2.1	1.8	1.8	2.3	/(S)/
Stone, clay, and glass products	118	118	(*)	1.2	1.2	2.6	1.9	3.0
Transportation equipment	217	215	2	2.5	2.1	4.1	4.3	7.8
Motor vehicles and equipment	84	83	1	1.0	1.6	4.5	4.0	5.3
Other	133	132	1	1.5	2.7	3.6	4.5	9.5
Instruments and related products	596	586	10	5.6	4.3	7.8	5.6	/(S)/
Other	64	64	0	.6	1.0	n.a.	2.1	n.a.
Wholesale trade	1,029	863	166	7.7	.9	n.a.	3.9	n.a.
Of which:
Motor vehicles and equipment	287	259	28	1.9	.7	n.a.	4.3	n.a.
Professional and commercial equipment	186	138	48	1.5	1.8	n.a.	4.9	n.a.
Electrical goods	252	211	41	2.0	1.1	n.a.	4.0	n.a.
Services	597	554	43	4.9	6.9	n.a.	7.8	n.a.
Of which:
Computer and data processing services	375	355	20	3.5	13.1	n.a.	19.9	n.a.
Engineering and architectural services	20	20	(*)	.3	.6	n.a.	1.7	n.a.
Accounting, research, and management services	174	152	22	.9	34.7	n.a.	18.0	n.a.
Other/6/	159	158	1	1.2	1.8	n.a.	2.4	n.a.

S Data withheld by National Science Foundation because of imputation of more than 50 percent.

n.a. Not available.

* Less than $500,000.

1. Comparisons between the research-intensity measures for R&D-performing U.S. affiliates and all R&D-performing U.S. companies should be viewed as approximate; see footnote 11 in text.

2. Sales used to calculate shares exclude sales by companies with no R&D.;

3. Employment used to calculate shares excludes employment of companies with no R&D.;

4. These shares are calculated from data in National Science Foundation, Selected Data on Research and Development in Industry: 1991, NSF 93-322, (Arlington, VA, 1993). The data cover all R&D-performing U.S. companies, including banks. Data for 1992 are not yet available.

5. Includes soap, cleaners, and toilet goods.

6. Consists of retail trade; finance, except banking; insurance; real estate; and other industries.

R&D Research and development