EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 A.M. EST, MONDAY, JANUARY 30, 2017 BEA 17-04 Technical: James Rankin (Personal Income) (301) 278-9087 piniwd@bea.gov Harvey Davis (PCE) (301) 278-9086 pce@bea.gov Media: Jeannine Aversa (301) 278-9003 Jeannine.Aversa@bea.gov Personal Income and Outlays: December 2016 Personal income increased $50.2 billion (0.3 percent) in December according to estimates released today by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Disposable personal income (DPI) increased $43.6 billion (0.3 percent) and personal consumption expenditures (PCE) increased $63.1 billion (0.5 percent). Real DPI increased 0.1 percent in December and Real PCE increased 0.3 percent. The PCE price index increased 0.2 percent. Excluding food and energy, the PCE price index increased 0.1 percent. 2016 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Percent change from preceding month Personal income: Current dollars 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3 Disposable personal income: Current dollars 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 Chained (2009) dollars 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 Personal consumption expenditures (PCE): Current dollars 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 Chained (2009) dollars -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 Price indexes: PCE 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 PCE, excluding food and energy 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 Price indexes: Percent change from month one year ago PCE 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 PCE, excluding food and energy 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 The increase in personal income in December primarily reflected increases in wages and salaries, personal current transfer receipts, and rental income of persons (table 3). The increase in real PCE in December primarily reflected increases in spending for both durable goods and services (table 7). Personal outlays increased $66.4 billion in December (table 3). Personal saving was $768.4 billion in December and the personal saving rate, personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income, was 5.4 percent (table 1). 2016 Personal Income and Outlays Personal income (table 6) increased 3.5 percent in 2016 (that is, from the 2015 annual level to the 2016 annual level), compared with an increase of 4.4 percent in 2015. DPI increased 3.8 percent in 2016, the same increase as in 2015. In 2016, PCE increased 3.8 percent, compared with an increase of 3.5 percent in 2015. Real DPI increased 2.7 percent in 2016, compared with an increase of 3.5 percent in 2015. Real PCE (table 8) increased 2.7 percent, compared with an increase of 3.2 percent. Updates Estimates have been updated for October and November. The percent change from the preceding month for current-dollar personal income, and for current-dollar and chained (2009) dollar DPI and PCE -- revised and as published in last month's release -- are shown below. Change from preceding month October November Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised (Billions of dollars) (Percent) (Billions of dollars) (Percent) Personal income: Current dollars 78.0 76.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 9.2 0.0 0.1 Disposable personal income: Current dollars 65.2 66.9 0.5 0.5 -1.3 9.3 0.0 0.1 Chained (2009) dollars 25.4 27.7 0.2 0.2 -6.4 1.7 -0.1 0.0 Personal consumption expenditures: Current dollars 51.4 45.2 0.4 0.4 24.0 28.8 0.2 0.2 Chained (2009) dollars 16.0 11.1 0.1 0.1 16.8 19.8 0.1 0.2 Next release: March 1, 2017 at 8:30 A.M. EST Personal Income and Outlays: January 2017 Additional Information Resources Additional Resources available at www.bea.gov: • Stay informed about BEA developments by reading the BEA blog, signing up for BEA’s email subscription service, or following BEA on Twitter @BEA_News. • Historical time series for these estimates can be accessed in BEA’s Interactive Data Application. • Access BEA data by registering for BEA’s Data Application Programming Interface (API). • For more on BEA’s statistics, see our monthly online journal, the Survey of Current Business. • BEA's news release schedule • NIPA Handbook: Concepts and Methods of the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts Definitions Personal income is the income received by, or on behalf of, all persons from all sources: from participation as laborers in production, from owning a home or business, from the ownership of financial assets, and from government and business in the form of transfers. It includes income from domestic sources as well as the rest of world. It does not include realized or unrealized capital gains or losses. Disposable personal income is the income available to persons for spending or saving. It is equal to personal income less personal current taxes. Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) is the value of the goods and services purchased by, or on the behalf of, “persons” who reside in the United States. Personal outlays is the sum of PCE, personal interest payments, and personal current transfer payments. Personal saving is personal income less personal outlays and personal current taxes. The personal saving rate is personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income. Current-dollar estimates are valued in the prices of the period when the transactions occurred—that is, at “market value.” Also referred to as “nominal estimates” or as “current-price estimates.” Real values are inflation-adjusted estimates—that is, estimates that exclude the effects of price changes. For more definitions, see the Glossary: National Income and Product Accounts. Statistical conventions Annual rates. Monthly and quarterly values are expressed at seasonally-adjusted annual rates (SAAR). Dollar changes are calculated as the difference between these SAAR values. For detail, see the FAQ “Why does BEA publish estimates at annual rates?” Month-to-month percent changes are calculated from unrounded data and are not annualized. Quarter-to-quarter percent changes are calculated from unrounded data and are displayed at annual rates. For detail, see the FAQ “How is average annual growth calculated?” Quantities and prices. Quantities, or “real” volume measures, and prices are expressed as index numbers with a specified reference year equal to 100 (currently 2009). Quantity and price indexes are calculated using a Fisher-chained weighted formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent periods (quarters for quarterly data and annuals for annual data). “Real” dollar series are calculated by multiplying the published quantity index by the current dollar value in the reference year (2009) and then dividing by 100. Percent changes calculated from real quantity indexes and chained-dollar levels are conceptually the same; any differences are due to rounding. Chained-dollar values are not additive because the relative weights for a given period differ from those of the reference year. List of Personal Income and Outlays News Release Tables Table 1. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Months) Table 2. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Years and Quarters) Table 3. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Months) Table 4. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) Table 5. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) Table 6. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) Table 7. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Months) Table 8. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Years and Quarters) Table 9. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Level and Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) Table 10. Real Disposable Personal Income and Real Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago Table 11. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago Table 1. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Months) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 15,931.4 15,988.4 16,055.4 16,095.4 16,154.2 16,230.8 16,240.0 16,290.2 Compensation of employees............... 10,047.5 10,101.9 10,152.6 10,167.2 10,208.3 10,257.9 10,255.2 10,293.6 Wages and salaries.................... 8,143.8 8,190.7 8,234.0 8,243.8 8,279.0 8,322.6 8,317.2 8,350.6 Private industries.................. 6,839.5 6,882.4 6,920.3 6,924.3 6,956.3 6,999.1 6,991.9 7,022.7 Goods-producing industries........ 1,348.3 1,343.2 1,353.7 1,350.2 1,355.1 1,369.0 1,359.7 1,369.2 Manufacturing................... 830.0 828.0 835.5 832.8 834.2 844.5 836.2 843.0 Services-producing industries..... 5,491.2 5,539.2 5,566.6 5,574.2 5,601.1 5,630.2 5,632.2 5,653.6 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 1,269.4 1,283.6 1,285.2 1,285.0 1,287.5 1,298.1 1,299.3 1,306.9 Other services-producing industries..................... 4,221.9 4,255.6 4,281.4 4,289.1 4,313.7 4,332.1 4,332.9 4,346.7 Government.......................... 1,304.4 1,308.4 1,313.8 1,319.4 1,322.7 1,323.5 1,325.3 1,327.9 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 1,903.7 1,911.2 1,918.5 1,923.4 1,929.4 1,935.4 1,938.0 1,943.0 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 1,319.4 1,324.1 1,329.0 1,333.6 1,337.6 1,340.9 1,344.3 1,347.4 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 584.2 587.0 589.6 589.8 591.7 594.5 593.7 595.6 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 1,405.0 1,411.8 1,416.9 1,417.1 1,428.3 1,430.4 1,436.7 1,436.6 Farm.................................. 29.8 28.9 28.6 28.3 28.0 25.7 23.5 21.2 Nonfarm............................... 1,375.2 1,382.9 1,388.2 1,388.8 1,400.3 1,404.6 1,413.2 1,415.4 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 700.1 702.4 703.1 705.7 708.9 714.7 721.2 728.6 Personal income receipts on assets...... 2,259.7 2,256.7 2,262.0 2,272.3 2,276.5 2,286.7 2,290.9 2,291.9 Personal interest income.............. 1,310.2 1,312.8 1,315.3 1,317.8 1,320.3 1,327.1 1,333.9 1,340.8 Personal dividend income.............. 949.5 943.8 946.7 954.5 956.3 959.6 957.0 951.1 Personal current transfer receipts...... 2,764.2 2,766.3 2,776.7 2,789.8 2,793.0 2,807.5 2,801.3 2,808.8 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 2,711.2 2,713.2 2,723.4 2,736.3 2,739.3 2,753.6 2,747.2 2,754.5 Social security\2\.................. 894.3 892.8 898.0 899.9 901.3 910.9 902.0 904.9 Medicare\3\......................... 659.3 661.8 664.1 666.2 668.2 670.0 671.7 673.2 Medicaid............................ 558.1 560.5 566.2 570.9 575.1 577.9 580.8 583.0 Unemployment insurance.............. 30.5 30.3 30.1 30.3 29.2 28.5 28.5 29.1 Veterans' benefits.................. 95.2 96.2 94.9 95.7 96.3 96.3 96.5 98.1 Other............................... 473.8 471.4 470.0 473.3 469.2 470.0 467.8 466.3 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 53.0 53.2 53.3 53.5 53.7 53.9 54.1 54.3 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 1,245.0 1,250.7 1,255.9 1,256.7 1,260.8 1,266.3 1,265.2 1,269.2 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 1,951.7 1,960.2 1,973.9 1,981.8 1,993.0 2,002.7 2,002.5 2,009.1 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 13,979.7 14,028.2 14,081.5 14,113.6 14,161.3 14,228.2 14,237.5 14,281.2 Less: Personal outlays.................... 13,146.3 13,216.7 13,265.7 13,273.3 13,363.2 13,414.2 13,446.3 13,512.7 Personal consumption expenditures....... 12,684.5 12,750.8 12,796.8 12,804.7 12,894.9 12,940.2 12,969.0 13,032.1 Goods................................. 4,081.0 4,099.0 4,106.5 4,088.9 4,140.2 4,182.8 4,174.7 4,200.0 Durable goods....................... 1,386.8 1,391.4 1,418.6 1,397.1 1,426.3 1,442.4 1,430.8 1,450.4 Nondurable goods.................... 2,694.1 2,707.5 2,687.9 2,691.8 2,713.9 2,740.4 2,743.9 2,749.6 Services.............................. 8,603.5 8,651.9 8,690.3 8,715.8 8,754.8 8,757.4 8,794.3 8,832.1 Personal interest payments\4\........... 273.0 276.9 276.4 275.8 275.3 278.1 281.0 283.8 Personal current transfer payments...... 188.8 188.9 192.5 192.7 193.0 195.9 196.3 196.8 To government......................... 108.2 108.4 108.5 108.8 109.0 109.4 109.8 110.2 To the rest of the world (net)........ 80.6 80.6 84.0 84.0 84.0 86.6 86.6 86.6 Equals: Personal saving................... 833.4 811.6 815.8 840.4 798.0 814.0 791.2 768.4 Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income............. 6.0 5.8 5.8 6.0 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.4 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 11,912.0 11,948.1 11,992.7 11,997.9 12,022.9 12,048.1 12,055.7 12,074.8 Disposable personal income: Total, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\........................... 12,647.0 12,676.5 12,717.8 12,726.5 12,742.7 12,770.5 12,772.2 12,791.1 Per capita: Current dollars..................... 43,273 43,397 43,534 43,604 43,722 43,901 43,905 44,017 Chained (2009) dollars.............. 39,147 39,216 39,318 39,319 39,343 39,403 39,386 39,424 Population (midperiod, thousands)\6\.... 323,061 323,252 323,458 323,676 323,892 324,098 324,280 324,447 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. 6. Population is the total population of the United States, including the Armed Forces overseas and the institutionalized population. The monthly estimate is the average of estimates for the first of the month and the first of the following month; the annual and quarterly estimates are averages of the monthly estimates. Table 2. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Years and Quarters) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 2016 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- --------2015-------- -------------------2016------------------- III IV I II III IV ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 15,458.5 16,006.2 15,556.1 15,690.2 15,740.1 15,929.4 16,101.7 16,253.7 Compensation of employees............... 9,693.1 10,096.0 9,740.0 9,892.4 9,892.6 10,046.5 10,176.0 10,268.9 Wages and salaries.................... 7,854.8 8,184.1 7,893.9 8,024.6 8,011.3 8,142.9 8,252.3 8,330.1 Private industries.................. 6,580.3 6,873.0 6,613.8 6,735.8 6,715.2 6,838.5 6,933.6 7,004.6 Goods-producing industries........ 1,308.1 1,347.4 1,310.4 1,334.6 1,327.7 1,343.0 1,353.0 1,365.9 Manufacturing................... 806.7 828.3 806.2 823.9 811.9 825.9 834.2 841.2 Services-producing industries..... 5,272.2 5,525.6 5,303.4 5,401.1 5,387.5 5,495.5 5,580.6 5,638.6 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 1,237.1 1,278.5 1,245.1 1,264.2 1,253.7 1,273.1 1,285.9 1,301.4 Other services-producing industries..................... 4,035.1 4,247.0 4,058.3 4,137.0 4,133.8 4,222.4 4,294.7 4,337.2 Government.......................... 1,274.5 1,311.2 1,280.1 1,288.9 1,296.1 1,304.4 1,318.6 1,325.6 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 1,838.2 1,911.9 1,846.1 1,867.8 1,881.3 1,903.6 1,923.8 1,938.8 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 1,270.5 1,325.5 1,276.1 1,290.0 1,304.9 1,319.4 1,333.4 1,344.2 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 567.7 586.4 570.0 577.8 576.4 584.1 590.4 594.6 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 1,376.8 1,416.8 1,389.0 1,400.9 1,403.9 1,407.8 1,420.8 1,434.5 Farm.................................. 39.9 28.5 44.6 38.1 32.3 29.8 28.3 23.5 Nonfarm............................... 1,336.8 1,388.3 1,344.4 1,362.8 1,371.6 1,378.0 1,392.4 1,411.1 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 659.6 705.2 668.1 677.3 692.8 700.6 705.9 721.5 Personal income receipts on assets...... 2,253.8 2,262.9 2,275.1 2,235.5 2,235.9 2,255.8 2,270.3 2,289.8 Personal interest income.............. 1,302.7 1,314.5 1,336.1 1,293.0 1,296.1 1,310.2 1,317.8 1,333.9 Personal dividend income.............. 951.1 948.4 939.0 942.5 939.8 945.5 952.5 955.9 Personal current transfer receipts...... 2,678.6 2,775.0 2,692.1 2,708.2 2,744.0 2,763.6 2,786.5 2,805.9 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 2,627.2 2,721.7 2,640.0 2,655.8 2,691.4 2,710.6 2,733.0 2,751.8 Social security\2\.................. 871.8 896.5 874.5 881.5 886.3 894.1 899.7 905.9 Medicare\3\......................... 628.2 661.7 631.6 639.8 650.0 659.2 666.2 671.6 Medicaid............................ 539.6 566.4 545.3 547.3 555.6 558.8 570.7 580.5 Unemployment insurance.............. 32.2 30.1 32.0 31.4 31.5 30.3 29.9 28.7 Veterans' benefits.................. 89.8 95.2 90.0 92.2 93.1 95.2 95.7 97.0 Other............................... 465.6 471.7 466.5 463.5 474.9 473.0 470.8 468.0 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 51.4 53.3 52.1 52.4 52.6 53.0 53.5 54.1 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 1,203.5 1,249.6 1,208.3 1,224.1 1,229.0 1,244.8 1,257.8 1,266.9 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 1,938.7 1,968.1 1,944.4 1,963.8 1,932.7 1,952.1 1,982.9 2,004.7 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 13,519.8 14,038.1 13,611.7 13,726.4 13,807.4 13,977.3 14,118.8 14,249.0 Less: Personal outlays.................... 12,736.2 13,218.7 12,813.2 12,899.6 12,961.9 13,154.5 13,300.7 13,457.7 Personal consumption expenditures....... 12,283.7 12,750.8 12,356.9 12,438.8 12,498.0 12,692.7 12,832.2 12,980.4 Goods................................. 4,012.1 4,097.9 4,043.0 4,038.1 4,008.7 4,085.4 4,111.9 4,185.8 Durable goods....................... 1,355.2 1,403.0 1,364.7 1,371.8 1,366.6 1,390.0 1,414.0 1,441.2 Nondurable goods.................... 2,656.9 2,695.0 2,678.4 2,666.3 2,642.0 2,695.4 2,697.9 2,744.6 Services.............................. 8,271.6 8,652.9 8,313.9 8,400.6 8,489.3 8,607.3 8,720.3 8,794.6 Personal interest payments\4\........... 263.8 274.4 266.2 270.6 268.0 273.0 275.8 281.0 Personal current transfer payments...... 188.8 193.5 190.1 190.2 196.0 188.8 192.7 196.3 To government......................... 103.3 108.8 103.9 104.0 108.2 108.2 108.8 109.8 To the rest of the world (net)........ 85.4 84.7 86.2 86.2 87.8 80.6 84.0 86.6 Equals: Personal saving................... 783.6 819.4 798.5 826.8 845.5 822.8 818.1 791.2 Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income............. 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.6 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 11,667.7 11,948.7 11,717.8 11,813.7 11,818.2 11,912.9 12,004.5 12,059.5 Disposable personal income: Total, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\........................... 12,343.3 12,677.4 12,398.9 12,491.0 12,556.0 12,647.2 12,729.0 12,777.9 Per capita: Current dollars..................... 42,095 43,409 42,343 42,621 42,807 43,265 43,620 43,941 Chained (2009) dollars.............. 38,432 39,201 38,571 38,785 38,927 39,148 39,326 39,405 Population (midperiod, thousands)\6\.... 321,173 323,391 321,458 322,058 322,549 323,064 323,675 324,275 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. 6. Population is the total population of the United States, including the Armed Forces overseas and the institutionalized population. The monthly estimate is the average of estimates for the first of the month and the first of the following month; the annual and quarterly estimates are averages of the monthly estimates. Table 3. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Months) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 63.2 57.0 67.0 40.0 58.8 76.6 9.2 50.2 Compensation of employees............... 57.5 54.4 50.7 14.7 41.1 49.6 -2.7 38.5 Wages and salaries.................... 49.7 46.9 43.3 9.7 35.2 43.6 -5.4 33.4 Private industries.................. 45.8 42.9 37.9 4.1 31.9 42.9 -7.2 30.8 Goods-producing industries........ 10.7 -5.1 10.5 -3.6 5.0 13.8 -9.2 9.5 Manufacturing................... 10.3 -2.0 7.5 -2.7 1.4 10.2 -8.2 6.8 Services-producing industries..... 35.0 47.9 27.4 7.6 26.9 29.0 2.0 21.4 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 2.9 14.2 1.6 -0.2 2.4 10.6 1.3 7.6 Other services-producing industries..................... 32.1 33.7 25.8 7.8 24.5 18.4 0.8 13.8 Government.......................... 3.9 4.0 5.4 5.7 3.3 0.8 1.9 2.6 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 7.8 7.5 7.4 4.9 5.9 6.0 2.6 5.1 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.0 3.3 3.4 3.2 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 3.1 2.8 2.5 0.3 1.9 2.7 -0.8 1.9 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ -1.6 6.8 5.0 0.2 11.2 2.1 6.3 -0.1 Farm.................................. -0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -2.3 -2.3 -2.3 Nonfarm............................... -0.7 7.7 5.3 0.5 11.5 4.3 8.6 2.2 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 0.8 2.3 0.7 2.6 3.2 5.8 6.5 7.4 Personal income receipts on assets...... 8.8 -3.0 5.4 10.2 4.2 10.2 4.3 0.9 Personal interest income.............. 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 6.8 6.8 6.8 Personal dividend income.............. 6.2 -5.7 2.9 7.8 1.8 3.3 -2.6 -5.9 Personal current transfer receipts...... 3.9 2.2 10.4 13.1 3.2 14.5 -6.2 7.6 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 3.8 2.0 10.3 12.9 3.0 14.3 -6.4 7.3 Social security\2\.................. -0.7 -1.5 5.2 1.9 1.4 9.6 -8.9 2.9 Medicare\3\......................... 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.5 Medicaid............................ 0.5 2.4 5.7 4.7 4.2 2.7 2.9 2.2 Unemployment insurance.............. 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.0 0.6 Veterans' benefits.................. 1.0 1.0 -1.3 0.8 0.6 0.0 0.2 1.6 Other............................... 0.0 -2.4 -1.4 3.3 -4.1 0.8 -2.2 -1.5 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 6.2 5.7 5.2 0.8 4.1 5.5 -1.1 4.0 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 7.4 8.5 13.7 7.9 11.2 9.7 -0.1 6.5 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 55.8 48.5 53.2 32.2 47.6 66.9 9.3 43.6 Less: Personal outlays.................... 45.8 70.4 49.0 7.6 90.0 51.0 32.1 66.4 Personal consumption expenditures....... 41.7 66.3 46.0 7.9 90.2 45.2 28.8 63.1 Goods................................. 4.8 18.0 7.6 -17.6 51.3 42.6 -8.1 25.3 Durable goods....................... -4.9 4.6 27.2 -21.5 29.1 16.1 -11.6 19.7 Nondurable goods.................... 9.7 13.4 -19.6 3.9 22.2 26.4 3.5 5.7 Services.............................. 36.9 48.3 38.4 25.5 38.9 2.7 36.9 37.8 Personal interest payments\4\........... 3.9 3.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 Personal current transfer payments...... 0.1 0.1 3.5 0.2 0.3 2.9 0.4 0.5 To government......................... 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 To the rest of the world (net)........ 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 Equals: Personal saving................... 10.0 -21.9 4.2 24.6 -42.3 16.0 -22.8 -22.8 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 33.3 36.1 44.7 5.2 25.0 25.2 7.6 19.2 Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\.............. 28.9 29.5 41.3 8.7 16.2 27.7 1.7 19.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. Table 4. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 2016 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- --------2015-------- -------------------2016------------------- III IV I II III IV ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 648.8 547.7 154.2 134.1 49.9 189.2 172.3 152.0 Compensation of employees............... 439.6 402.9 102.5 152.4 0.1 153.9 129.6 92.9 Wages and salaries.................... 378.5 329.3 85.1 130.7 -13.4 131.6 109.3 77.9 Private industries.................. 340.7 292.7 75.9 122.0 -20.6 123.3 95.1 71.0 Goods-producing industries........ 50.7 39.3 9.0 24.3 -6.9 15.3 10.0 12.9 Manufacturing................... 26.7 21.6 3.2 17.7 -12.0 14.0 8.3 7.1 Services-producing industries..... 290.0 253.4 67.0 97.7 -13.7 108.0 85.1 58.0 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 61.6 41.5 16.1 19.1 -10.5 19.5 12.8 15.5 Other services-producing industries..................... 228.3 211.9 50.8 78.6 -3.1 88.6 72.3 42.5 Government.......................... 37.8 36.6 9.2 8.7 7.2 8.3 14.2 6.9 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 61.1 73.6 17.3 21.7 13.5 22.3 20.2 15.0 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 40.7 55.0 12.6 13.9 14.9 14.5 14.0 10.8 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 20.4 18.7 4.8 7.8 -1.4 7.7 6.3 4.2 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 39.0 40.0 22.9 11.9 3.0 3.9 12.9 13.8 Farm.................................. -28.6 -11.5 5.9 -6.5 -5.8 -2.5 -1.5 -4.9 Nonfarm............................... 67.6 51.4 17.0 18.4 8.8 6.4 14.4 18.6 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 53.5 45.6 11.5 9.2 15.5 7.8 5.3 15.6 Personal income receipts on assets...... 26.9 9.1 10.8 -39.7 0.4 19.9 14.5 19.5 Personal interest income.............. 1.9 11.8 20.3 -43.1 3.1 14.1 7.6 16.1 Personal dividend income.............. 25.0 -2.7 -9.5 3.5 -2.7 5.7 7.0 3.4 Personal current transfer receipts...... 138.3 96.3 16.7 16.0 35.8 19.6 22.9 19.4 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 132.3 94.5 15.9 15.7 35.6 19.2 22.4 18.8 Social security\2\.................. 37.2 24.7 5.0 6.9 4.8 7.8 5.6 6.2 Medicare\3\......................... 27.1 33.5 7.5 8.2 10.1 9.2 7.0 5.5 Medicaid............................ 52.2 26.8 4.5 1.9 8.4 3.1 12.0 9.8 Unemployment insurance.............. -3.3 -2.1 0.0 -0.6 0.1 -1.2 -0.5 -1.2 Veterans' benefits.................. 6.1 5.4 0.6 2.2 0.9 2.1 0.4 1.3 Other............................... 13.0 6.1 -1.6 -3.0 11.4 -1.9 -2.2 -2.8 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 6.0 1.9 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 48.6 46.2 10.1 15.8 4.9 15.8 13.0 9.1 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 151.7 29.4 7.3 19.4 -31.1 19.4 30.8 21.8 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 497.1 518.3 147.0 114.7 81.1 169.9 141.5 130.2 Less: Personal outlays.................... 439.5 482.5 122.0 86.4 62.3 192.6 146.2 157.0 Personal consumption expenditures....... 420.3 467.1 116.7 81.9 59.2 194.7 139.5 148.3 Goods................................. 41.6 85.8 32.4 -4.9 -29.5 76.7 26.5 73.9 Durable goods....................... 60.4 47.8 11.4 7.1 -5.1 23.4 24.0 27.2 Nondurable goods.................... -18.8 38.1 21.0 -12.0 -24.3 53.3 2.5 46.7 Services.............................. 378.7 381.3 84.3 86.8 88.6 118.0 113.0 74.3 Personal interest payments\4\........... 12.2 10.7 3.8 4.4 -2.6 5.0 2.8 5.1 Personal current transfer payments...... 7.0 4.7 1.5 0.1 5.7 -7.1 3.9 3.6 To government......................... 5.0 5.4 0.6 0.1 4.2 0.0 0.5 1.0 To the rest of the world (net)........ 1.9 -0.7 0.9 0.0 1.5 -7.2 3.4 2.6 Equals: Personal saving................... 57.6 35.8 25.0 28.3 18.7 -22.7 -4.7 -26.9 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 426.9 281.0 92.2 95.9 4.6 94.7 91.5 55.0 Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\.............. 412.2 334.1 98.9 92.1 65.0 91.2 81.8 48.9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. Table 5. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at monthly rates------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Based on current-dollar measures Personal income........................... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3 Compensation of employees............... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.4 Wages and salaries.................... 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.4 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.0 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.0 Personal income receipts on assets...... 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 Personal interest income.............. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 Personal dividend income.............. 0.7 -0.6 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.6 Personal current transfer receipts...... 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.3 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.3 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.3 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 Addenda: Personal consumption expenditures....... 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 Goods................................. 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.4 1.3 1.0 -0.2 0.6 Durable goods....................... -0.4 0.3 2.0 -1.5 2.1 1.1 -0.8 1.4 Nondurable goods.................... 0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.2 Services.............................. 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.4 Based on chained (2009) dollar measures Real personal income excluding transfer receipts............................... 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Real disposable personal income......... 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 6. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 2016 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- --------2015-------- -------------------2016------------------- III IV I II III IV ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Based on current-dollar measures Personal income........................... 4.4 3.5 4.1 3.5 1.3 4.9 4.4 3.8 Compensation of employees............... 4.8 4.2 4.3 6.4 0.0 6.4 5.3 3.7 Wages and salaries.................... 5.1 4.2 4.4 6.8 -0.7 6.7 5.5 3.8 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 3.4 4.0 3.8 4.8 2.9 4.8 4.3 3.2 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 2.9 2.9 6.9 3.5 0.8 1.1 3.7 3.9 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 8.8 6.9 7.2 5.6 9.5 4.6 3.1 9.1 Personal income receipts on assets...... 1.2 0.4 1.9 -6.8 0.1 3.6 2.6 3.5 Personal interest income.............. 0.1 0.9 6.3 -12.3 1.0 4.4 2.3 5.0 Personal dividend income.............. 2.7 -0.3 -3.9 1.5 -1.1 2.5 3.0 1.4 Personal current transfer receipts...... 5.4 3.6 2.5 2.4 5.4 2.9 3.4 2.8 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 4.2 3.8 3.4 5.3 1.6 5.3 4.2 2.9 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 8.5 1.5 1.5 4.1 -6.2 4.1 6.5 4.5 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 3.8 3.8 4.4 3.4 2.4 5.0 4.1 3.7 Addenda: Personal consumption expenditures....... 3.5 3.8 3.9 2.7 1.9 6.4 4.5 4.7 Goods................................. 1.0 2.1 3.3 -0.5 -2.9 7.9 2.6 7.4 Durable goods....................... 4.7 3.5 3.4 2.1 -1.5 7.0 7.1 7.9 Nondurable goods.................... -0.7 1.4 3.2 -1.8 -3.6 8.3 0.4 7.1 Services.............................. 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.2 4.3 5.7 5.4 3.5 Based on chained (2009) dollar measures Real personal income excluding transfer receipts............................... 3.8 2.4 3.2 3.3 0.2 3.2 3.1 1.8 Real disposable personal income......... 3.5 2.7 3.3 3.0 2.1 2.9 2.6 1.5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 7. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Months) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Billions of chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at annual rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 11,475.3 11,522.2 11,557.5 11,546.2 11,603.3 11,614.4 11,634.2 11,672.4 Goods......................................... 4,029.1 4,047.0 4,068.8 4,047.8 4,086.7 4,113.8 4,112.4 4,131.3 Durable goods............................... 1,555.6 1,571.4 1,606.7 1,583.3 1,623.2 1,642.7 1,636.9 1,659.7 Nondurable goods............................ 2,506.3 2,510.0 2,501.5 2,501.0 2,504.8 2,514.4 2,517.9 2,517.1 Services...................................... 7,452.7 7,481.9 7,496.6 7,504.1 7,524.8 7,511.8 7,531.9 7,552.0 Change from preceding period in billions of chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at annual rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 18.1 46.9 35.4 -11.3 57.0 11.1 19.8 38.2 Goods......................................... 6.5 17.9 21.9 -21.0 38.8 27.1 -1.4 18.9 Durable goods............................... -0.3 15.9 35.3 -23.5 39.9 19.5 -5.9 22.9 Nondurable goods............................ 6.3 3.7 -8.5 -0.5 3.8 9.6 3.5 -0.7 Services...................................... 11.7 29.2 14.7 7.5 20.7 -13.0 20.1 20.1 Percent change from preceding period in chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at monthly rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 Goods......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.5 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.5 Durable goods............................... 0.0 1.0 2.2 -1.5 2.5 1.2 -0.4 1.4 Nondurable goods............................ 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 Services...................................... 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 8. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Years and Quarters) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 2016 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- --------2015-------- -------------------2016------------------- III IV I II III IV --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Billions of chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 11,214.7 11,514.9 11,255.9 11,319.3 11,365.2 11,484.9 11,569.0 11,640.4 Goods......................................... 3,907.4 4,046.1 3,932.6 3,953.4 3,964.7 4,032.9 4,067.8 4,119.2 Durable goods............................... 1,498.1 1,584.2 1,512.4 1,527.3 1,524.9 1,560.9 1,604.4 1,646.4 Nondurable goods............................ 2,439.3 2,498.9 2,451.3 2,458.4 2,471.1 2,505.4 2,502.5 2,516.5 Services...................................... 7,310.3 7,475.7 7,327.2 7,369.8 7,403.9 7,458.5 7,508.5 7,531.9 Change from preceding period in billions of chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 345.9 300.1 74.5 63.4 45.9 119.6 84.2 71.3 Goods......................................... 152.0 138.7 40.5 20.7 11.3 68.2 34.9 51.4 Durable goods............................... 97.0 86.1 22.5 15.0 -2.4 36.1 43.5 42.0 Nondurable goods............................ 62.9 59.5 19.5 7.1 12.7 34.3 -3.0 14.0 Services...................................... 196.2 165.4 35.4 42.6 34.1 54.7 50.0 23.4 Percent change from preceding period in chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.3 1.6 4.3 3.0 2.5 Goods......................................... 4.0 3.6 4.2 2.1 1.2 7.1 3.5 5.2 Durable goods............................... 6.9 5.7 6.2 4.0 -0.6 9.8 11.6 10.9 Nondurable goods............................ 2.6 2.4 3.2 1.2 2.1 5.7 -0.5 2.3 Services...................................... 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.3 1.9 3.0 2.7 1.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 9. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Level and Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chain-type price indexes (2009=100), seasonally adjusted Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 110.540 110.666 110.725 110.902 111.135 111.417 111.475 111.651 Goods......................................... 101.288 101.284 100.926 101.014 101.310 101.676 101.513 101.662 Durable goods............................... 89.148 88.538 88.286 88.237 87.861 87.800 87.405 87.385 Nondurable goods............................ 107.496 107.870 107.452 107.627 108.349 108.987 108.978 109.236 Services...................................... 115.445 115.641 115.926 116.151 116.349 116.585 116.764 116.954 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 111.182 111.273 111.441 111.659 111.778 111.919 111.939 112.064 Food\1\..................................... 110.120 109.866 109.760 109.582 109.523 109.469 109.274 109.139 Energy goods and services\2\................ 95.901 97.298 95.500 95.439 98.337 102.024 103.287 105.042 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 108.913 109.054 109.081 109.221 109.445 109.739 109.807 109.971 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 109.368 109.472 109.617 109.799 109.893 110.027 110.054 110.157 Percent change from preceding period in price indexes, seasonally adjusted at monthly rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 Goods......................................... 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.1 Durable goods............................... -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 Nondurable goods............................ 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.0 0.2 Services...................................... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 Food\1\..................................... -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 Energy goods and services\2\................ 1.4 1.5 -1.8 -0.1 3.0 3.7 1.2 1.7 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Food consists of food and beverages purchased for off-premises consumption; food services, which include purchased meals and beverages, are not classified as food. 2. Consists of gasoline and other energy goods and of electricity and gas services. 3. Market-based PCE is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most imputed transactions (for example, financial services furnished without payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households. Table 10. Real Disposable Personal Income and Real Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Disposable personal income................ 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.1 Personal consumption expenditures......... 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8 Goods................................... 3.2 3.7 3.7 2.9 3.6 4.6 3.9 4.1 Durable goods......................... 3.8 5.4 6.6 4.8 6.8 8.5 6.8 8.1 Nondurable goods...................... 2.8 2.9 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.4 2.1 Services................................ 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 11. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------2016----------------------------------------- May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.\r\ Nov.\r\ Dec.\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 Goods......................................... -1.8 -1.8 -2.2 -1.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.1 Durable goods............................... -1.9 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 -2.6 -2.5 -2.6 -2.5 Nondurable goods............................ -1.8 -1.6 -2.1 -1.6 -0.3 0.2 0.2 1.2 Services...................................... 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 Food\1\..................................... -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.6 Energy goods and services\2\................ -10.7 -10.0 -11.7 -10.0 -3.5 -0.2 0.8 5.7 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Food consists of food and beverages purchased for off-premises consumption; food services, which include purchased meals and beverages, are not classified as food. 2. Consists of gasoline and other energy goods and of electricity and gas services. 3. Market-based PCE is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most imputed transactions (for example, financial services furnished without payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households.