EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 A.M. EDT, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 29, 2009 Lisa Mataloni: (202) 606-5304 BEA 09-17 Recorded message: (202) 606-5306 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: FIRST QUARTER 2009 (ADVANCE) Real gross domestic product -- the output of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the United States -- decreased at an annual rate of 6.1 percent in the first quarter of 2009, (that is, from the fourth quarter to the first quarter), according to advance estimates released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. In the fourth quarter, real GDP decreased 6.3 percent. The Bureau emphasized that the first-quarter "advance" estimates are based on source data that are incomplete or subject to further revision by the source agency (see the box on page 4). The first- quarter "preliminaryestimates", based on more comprehensive data, will be released on May 29, 2009.x The decrease in real GDP in the first quarter primarily reflected negative contributions from exports, private inventory investment, equipment and software, nonresidential structures, and residential fixed investment that were partly offset by a positive contribution from personal consumption expenditures (PCE). Imports, which are a subtraction in the calculation of GDP, decreased. The slightly smaller decrease in real GDP in the first quarter than in the fourth reflected an upturn in PCE for durable and nondurable goods and a larger decrease in imports that were mostly offset by larger decreases in private inventory investment and in nonresidential structures and a downturn in federal government spending. Motor vehicle output subtracted 1.36 percentage points from the first-quarter change in real GDP after subtracting 2.01 percentage points from the fourth-quarter change. Final sales of computers added 0.05 percentage point to the first-quarter change in real GDP after subtracting 0.02 percentage point from the fourth-quarter change. ___________________________ FOOTNOTE.--Quarterly estimates are expressed at seasonally adjusted annual rates, unless otherwise specified. Quarter-to-quarter dollar changes are differences between these published estimates. Percent changes are calculated from unrounded data and are annualized. "Real" estimates are in chained (2000) dollars. Price indexes are chain-type measures. This news release is available on BEA's Web site along with the Technical Note and Highlights related to this release. ___________________________ BOX Comprehensive Revision of the National Income and Product Accounts BEA plans to release the results of the 13th comprehensive (or benchmark) revision of the national income and product accounts (NIPAs), as part of the annual revision on July 31, 2009. More information on the revision is available on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov/national/an1.htm, including a link to an article in the March 2009 issue of the Survey of Current Business that discussed the changes in definitions and presentation that will be implemented in the revision. An article in the May Survey will describe changes in statistical methods, and the September Survey will contain an article that describes the results of the revision in detail. The Web site also contains links to redesigned PCE table stubs; other revised NIPA table stubs and press release stubs will be available in June. __________________________ The price index for gross domestic purchases, which measures prices paid by U.S. residents, decreased 1.0 percent in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of 3.9 percent in the fourth. Excluding food and energy prices, the price index for gross domestic purchases increased 1.4 percent in the first quarter, compared with an increase of 1.2 percent in the fourth. The federal pay raise for civilian and military personnel added 0.3 percentage point to the change in the first quarter gross domestic purchases price index. Real personal consumption expenditures increased 2.2 percent in the first quarter, in contrast to a decrease of 4.3 percent in the fourth. Durable goods increased 9.4 percent, in contrast to a decrease of 22.1 percent. Nondurable goods increased 1.3 percent, in contrast to a decrease of 9.4 percent. Services increased 1.5 percent, the same increase as in the fourth. Real nonresidential fixed investment decreased 37.9 percent in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of 21.7 percent in the fourth. Nonresidential structures decreased 44.2 percent, compared with a decrease of 9.4 percent. Equipment and software decreased 33.8 percent, compared with a decrease of 28.1 percent. Real residential fixed investment decreased 38.0 percent, compared with a decrease of 22.8 percent. Real exports of goods and services decreased 30.0 percent in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of 23.6 percent in the fourth. Real imports of goods and services decreased 34.1 percent, compared with a decrease of 17.5 percent. Real federal government consumption expenditures and gross investment decreased 4.0 percent in the first quarter, in contrast to an increase of 7.0 percent in the fourth. National defense decreased 6.4 percent, in contrast to an increase of 3.4 percent. Nondefense increased 1.3 percent, compared with an increase of 15.3 percent. Real state and local government consumption expenditures and gross investment decreased 3.9 percent, compared with a decrease of 2.0 percent. The real change in private inventories subtracted 2.79 percentage points from the first-quarter change in real GDP after subtracting 0.11 percentage point from the fourth-quarter change. Private businesses decreased inventories $103.7 billion in the first quarter, following decreases of $25.8 billion in the fourth quarter and $29.6 billion in the third. Real final sales of domestic product -- GDP less change in private inventories -- decreased 3.4 percent in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of 6.2 percent in the fourth. Gross domestic purchases Real gross domestic purchases -- purchases by U.S. residents of goods and services wherever produced -- decreased 7.8 percent in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of 5.9 percent in the fourth. Disposition of personal income Current-dollar personal income decreased $59.9 billion (2.0 percent) in the first quarter, compared with a decrease of $42.9 billion (1.4 percent) in the fourth. Personal current taxes decreased $193.5 billion in the first quarter, in contrast to an increase of $19.7 billion in the fourth. Disposable personal income increased $133.6 billion (5.1 percent) in the first quarter, in contrast to a decrease of $62.6 billion (2.3 percent) in the fourth. Real disposable personal income increased 6.2 percent, compared with an increase of 2.7 percent. Personal outlays increased $18.1 billion (0.7 percent) in the first quarter, in contrast to a decrease of $260.2 billion (9.5 percent) in the fourth. Personal saving -- disposable personal income less personal outlays -- was $453.0 billion in the first quarter, compared with $337.4 billion in the fourth. The personal saving rate -- saving as a percentage of disposable personal income -- was 4.2 percent in the first quarter, compared with 3.2 percent in the fourth. For a comparison of personal saving in BEA's national income and product accounts with personal saving in the Federal Reserve Board's flow of funds accounts and data on changes in net worth, go to http://www.bea.gov/bea/dn/nipaweb/Nipa-Frb.asp. Current-dollar GDP Current-dollar GDP -- the market value of the nation's output of goods and services -- decreased 3.5 percent, or $124.8 billion, in the first quarter to a level of $14,075.5 billion. In the fourth quarter, current-dollar GDP decreased 5.8 percent, or $212.5 billion. ___________________________ BOX Information on the assumptions used for unavailable source data is provided in a technical note that is posted with the news release on BEA's Web site. Within a few days after the release, a detailed "Key Source Data and Assumptions" file is posted on the Web site. In the middle of each month, an analysis of the current quarterly estimates of GDP and related series is made available on the Web site; click on Survey of Current Business, "GDP and the Economy." ___________________________ * * * BEA's national, international, regional, and industry estimates; the Survey of Current Business; and BEA news releases are available without charge on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov. By visiting the site, you can also subscribe to receive free e-mail summaries of BEA releases and announcements. * * * Next release - May 29, 2009, at 8:30 A.M. EDT for: Gross Domestic Product: First Quarter 2009 (Preliminary) Corporate Profits: First Quarter 2009 Comparisons of Revisions to GDP Quarterly estimates of GDP are released on the following schedule: "Advance" estimates, based on source data that are incomplete or subject to further revision by the source agency, are released near the end of the first month after the end of the quarter; as more detailed and more comprehensive data become available, "preliminary" and "final" estimates are released near the end of the second and third months, respectively. The "latest" estimates reflect the results of both annual and comprehensive revisions. Annual revisions, which cover the quarters of the 3 most recent calendar years, are usually carried out each summer and incorporate newly available major annual source data. Comprehensive (or benchmark) revisions are carried out at about 5-year intervals and incorporate major periodic source data, as well as improvements in concepts and methods that update the accounts to portray more accurately the evolving U.S. economy. The table below shows comparisons of the revisions between quarterly percent changes of current-dollar and real GDP for the different vintages of the estimates. From the advance estimate to the preliminary estimate (one month later), the average revision to real GDP without regard to sign is 0.5 percentage point, while from the advance estimate to the final estimate (two months later), it is 0.6 percentage point. From the advance estimate to the latest estimate, the average revision without regard to sign is 1.2 percentage points. The average revision (with regard to sign) from the advance estimate to the latest estimate is 0.3 percentage point, which is larger than the average revisions from the advance estimate to the preliminary or to the final estimates. The larger average revisions to the latest estimate reflect the fact that comprehensive revisions include major improvements such as the introduction of chain indexes and the capitalization of software. The current quarterly estimates correctly indicate the direction of change of real GDP 98 percent of the time, correctly indicate whether it is accelerating or decelerating 74 percent of the time,and correctly indicate whether real GDP growth is above, near, or below trend growth more than three-fifths of the time. Revisions Between Quarterly Percent Changes of GDP: Vintage Comparisons [Annual rates] Vintages Average Average without Standard deviation of compared regard to sign revisions without regard to sign Current-dollar GDP Advance to preliminary.......... 0.2 0.5 0.4 Advance to final................ .2 .7 .4 Preliminary to final............ .0 .3 .2 Advance to latest............... .4 1.1 .9 Real GDP Advance to preliminary.......... 0.1 0.5 0.4 Advance to final................ .1 .6 .4 Preliminary to final............ .0 .3 .2 Advance to latest............... .3 1.2 1.0 NOTE.--These comparisons are based on the period from 1983 through 2004. Table 1.--Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Percent Change From Preceding Period [Quarters seasonally adjusted at annual rates] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 II 05 III 05 IV 05 I 06 II 06 III 06 IV 06 I 07 II 07 III 07 IV 07 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product (GDP). 2.8 2.0 1.1 2.6 3.8 1.3 4.8 2.7 .8 1.5 .1 4.8 4.8 -.2 .9 2.8 -.5 -6.3 -6.1 Personal consumption expenditures... 3.0 2.8 .2 3.6 3.7 1.4 4.3 2.8 2.2 3.7 3.9 2.0 2.0 1.0 .9 1.2 -3.8 -4.3 2.2 Durable goods..................... 4.5 4.8 -4.3 12.1 5.4 -11.7 18.9 1.8 3.5 4.2 9.2 5.0 2.3 .4 -4.3 -2.8 -14.8 -22.1 9.4 Nondurable goods.................. 3.7 2.5 -.6 4.2 3.0 4.7 4.4 3.1 2.3 3.1 3.5 1.9 1.2 .3 -.4 3.9 -7.1 -9.4 1.3 Services.......................... 2.5 2.6 1.5 1.7 3.8 2.5 1.6 2.8 2.0 3.9 3.1 1.4 2.4 1.4 2.4 .7 -.1 1.5 1.5 Gross private domestic investment... 2.1 -5.4 -6.7 -5.1 4.0 12.2 6.2 -.4 -5.3 -15.0 -9.6 6.2 3.5 -11.9 -5.8 -11.5 .4 -23.0 -51.8 Fixed investment.................. 1.9 -3.1 -5.0 7.6 5.3 2.3 8.3 -2.5 -4.8 -7.6 -3.4 3.0 -.9 -6.2 -5.6 -1.7 -5.3 -22.0 -37.9 Nonresidential.................. 7.5 4.9 1.6 6.3 6.1 3.7 15.9 6.4 5.3 -1.0 3.4 10.3 8.7 3.4 2.4 2.5 -1.7 -21.7 -37.9 Structures.................... 8.2 12.7 11.2 -1.3 -9.2 1.9 15.6 19.7 14.3 2.5 11.2 18.3 20.5 8.5 8.6 18.5 9.7 -9.4 -44.2 Equipment and software........ 7.2 1.7 -3.0 9.2 12.2 4.4 16.3 1.7 2.0 -2.4 .0 6.9 3.6 1.0 -.6 -5.0 -7.5 -28.1 -33.8 Residential..................... -7.1 -17.9 -20.8 9.7 4.0 .2 -3.6 -16.6 -21.4 -19.5 -16.2 -11.5 -20.6 -27.0 -25.1 -13.3 -16.0 -22.8 -38.0 Change in private inventories..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Net exports of goods and services... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports........................... 9.1 8.4 6.2 8.8 .4 10.9 16.7 5.5 3.5 15.6 .6 8.8 23.0 4.4 5.1 12.3 3.0 -23.6 -30.0 Goods........................... 9.9 7.5 6.0 14.5 -.8 13.2 18.1 6.7 3.6 10.4 2.1 6.9 21.8 5.1 4.5 16.3 3.7 -32.0 -38.7 Services........................ 7.2 10.5 6.6 -2.8 3.2 5.7 13.4 2.7 3.2 28.6 -2.7 13.3 25.9 2.7 6.4 3.8 1.4 -1.5 -9.3 Imports........................... 6.0 2.2 -3.5 .6 .8 15.3 10.3 .1 3.1 2.0 7.7 -3.7 3.0 -2.3 -.8 -7.3 -3.5 -17.5 -34.1 Goods........................... 6.0 1.7 -4.1 .7 1.1 17.0 9.0 .5 3.8 -.8 8.4 -4.0 2.4 -2.6 -2.0 -7.1 -4.7 -19.6 -39.4 Services........................ 6.0 4.4 .2 .0 -1.0 6.8 17.7 -2.0 -.3 18.4 4.2 -2.0 6.3 -.9 5.5 -8.0 3.3 -6.7 -5.6 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment............... 1.7 2.1 2.9 .9 3.4 -1.7 3.9 1.2 1.7 1.6 .9 3.9 3.8 .8 1.9 3.9 5.8 1.3 -3.9 Federal........................... 2.3 1.6 6.0 1.1 9.7 -7.2 10.0 -1.5 1.9 1.8 -3.6 6.7 7.2 -.5 5.8 6.6 13.8 7.0 -4.0 National defense................ 1.6 2.5 7.2 4.0 12.3 -14.2 8.8 1.9 -.9 7.0 -5.9 8.5 10.2 -.9 7.3 7.3 18.0 3.4 -6.4 Nondefense...................... 3.6 -.2 3.6 -4.5 4.4 8.9 12.4 -8.1 7.7 -8.1 1.2 3.1 1.2 .4 2.9 5.0 5.1 15.3 1.3 State and local................... 1.3 2.3 1.1 .8 -.1 1.6 .5 2.9 1.6 1.5 3.6 2.4 1.9 1.6 -.3 2.5 1.3 -2.0 -3.9 Addenda: Final sales of domestic product... 2.8 2.4 1.4 4.8 4.1 -.3 5.1 2.3 .9 2.9 1.1 4.3 4.0 .8 .9 4.4 -1.3 -6.2 -3.4 Gross domestic purchases.......... 2.6 1.4 -.3 1.7 3.7 2.5 4.5 2.0 .9 .2 1.2 2.9 2.6 -1.0 .1 -.1 -1.5 -5.9 -7.8 Final sales to domestic purchasers....................... 2.6 1.8 .0 3.7 3.9 1.0 4.8 1.6 1.0 1.5 2.2 2.5 1.9 -.1 .1 1.3 -2.3 -5.8 -5.1 Gross national product (GNP)...... 2.6 2.2 1.3 2.2 4.1 .4 4.9 2.8 .2 2.0 -.3 4.4 6.3 1.3 .1 2.1 -.2 -5.6 ..... Disposable personal income........ 3.5 2.8 1.3 2.5 -1.3 7.5 5.1 1.3 2.3 5.8 4.4 -.6 3.1 .6 -.7 10.7 -8.5 2.7 6.2 Current-dollar measures: GDP............................. 6.1 4.8 3.3 4.8 8.1 5.1 8.6 5.5 3.6 3.7 4.3 6.9 6.3 2.3 3.5 4.1 3.4 -5.8 -3.5 Final sales of domestic product. 6.1 5.2 3.6 7.0 8.4 3.5 8.8 5.1 3.7 5.2 5.3 6.4 5.6 3.6 3.6 5.6 2.6 -6.1 -.7 Gross domestic purchases........ 6.1 4.2 2.9 4.8 9.1 6.5 7.5 5.7 3.8 .7 5.0 6.4 4.9 2.6 3.5 4.3 2.9 -9.6 -8.7 Final sales to domestic purchasers..................... 6.1 4.6 3.2 6.9 9.4 5.0 7.8 5.3 3.9 2.1 5.9 5.9 4.2 3.9 3.7 5.7 2.2 -9.9 -6.1 GNP............................. 5.9 4.9 3.5 4.4 8.4 4.2 8.7 5.6 3.0 4.1 4.0 6.4 7.9 3.9 2.6 3.4 3.7 -5.0 ..... Disposable personal income...... 6.4 5.5 4.6 5.1 3.4 11.1 6.9 4.6 5.4 5.3 7.9 3.0 5.7 4.9 2.9 15.4 -3.9 -2.3 5.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 2.--Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product [Quarters seasonally adjusted at annual rates] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 II 05 III 05 IV 05 I 06 II 06 III 06 IV 06 I 07 II 07 III 07 IV 07 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change at annual rate: Gross domestic product.......... 2.8 2.0 1.1 2.6 3.8 1.3 4.8 2.7 .8 1.5 .1 4.8 4.8 -.2 .9 2.8 -.5 -6.3 -6.1 Percentage points at annual rates: Personal consumption expenditures. 2.13 1.95 .16 2.50 2.59 .94 2.86 1.88 1.52 2.55 2.71 1.42 1.44 .67 .61 .87 -2.75 -2.99 1.50 Durable goods................... .36 .38 -.33 .95 .44 -1.02 1.37 .14 .27 .33 .71 .40 .19 .03 -.33 -.21 -1.16 -1.67 .61 Motor vehicles and parts...... -.09 .07 -.42 .53 .15 -1.59 .53 .06 .06 .01 .30 .05 -.22 -.03 -.35 -.64 -.83 -1.13 .44 Furniture and household equipment.................... .35 .24 .10 .29 .37 .41 .55 .15 .20 .23 .34 .17 .26 .11 .05 .39 -.25 -.25 .12 Other......................... .10 .08 -.01 .13 -.08 .17 .29 -.06 .00 .09 .07 .17 .15 -.06 -.04 .04 -.08 -.29 .05 Nondurable goods................ .74 .50 -.13 .83 .59 .93 .85 .62 .46 .62 .71 .40 .25 .05 -.08 .80 -1.57 -1.97 .26 Food.......................... .38 .18 -.02 .29 .45 .37 .50 .43 .10 .20 .12 .27 .03 .27 .13 .40 -.75 -1.52 -.08 Clothing and shoes............ .16 .13 .01 .27 .00 .35 .18 .02 .14 .12 .25 .08 .12 -.09 .08 .28 -.38 -.24 .10 Gasoline, fuel oil, and other energy goods................. -.05 .02 -.14 .09 .02 -.04 -.17 -.11 .03 .03 .13 -.07 -.01 -.05 -.18 -.20 -.45 .23 .13 Other......................... .25 .17 .02 .17 .11 .25 .33 .27 .19 .26 .22 .12 .11 -.08 -.10 .33 .01 -.43 .12 Services........................ 1.02 1.07 .62 .72 1.55 1.02 .64 1.12 .79 1.61 1.29 .62 1.00 .59 1.02 .28 -.03 .66 .63 Housing....................... .34 .16 .10 .36 .39 .35 .37 .31 .25 .22 .12 .09 .08 .12 .05 .18 .08 .04 -.01 Household operation........... -.02 .07 -.01 .02 .15 -.01 -.42 .26 .10 .03 .08 .02 .06 .09 .07 -.17 -.33 .31 .32 Electricity and gas......... -.05 .03 -.04 .00 .12 -.04 -.42 .20 .05 -.01 .07 -.04 .02 .01 .11 -.19 -.38 .29 .31 Other household operation... .03 .04 .02 .01 .04 .03 .01 .06 .05 .04 .00 .06 .04 .08 -.05 .02 .05 .02 .01 Transportation................ .05 .05 -.02 .02 .02 .01 .08 .08 .03 .10 .03 .04 .06 -.02 .04 -.08 -.06 -.17 -.14 Medical care.................. .31 .35 .43 .37 .48 .39 .37 .15 .07 .35 .63 .13 .45 .48 .59 .35 .31 .38 .25 Recreation.................... .09 .13 -.02 .02 .04 .04 .08 .04 .18 .36 .06 .08 .07 -.01 -.14 .04 -.04 -.03 .07 Other......................... .24 .31 .14 -.08 .46 .24 .16 .27 .15 .55 .37 .27 .28 -.08 .40 -.03 .02 .14 .14 Gross private domestic investment. .35 -.90 -1.02 -.86 .69 1.98 1.15 -.02 -.92 -2.68 -1.63 .94 .54 -1.93 -.89 -1.74 .06 -3.47 -8.83 Fixed investment................ .32 -.50 -.76 1.21 .88 .41 1.39 -.40 -.81 -1.27 -.57 .47 -.15 -.97 -.86 -.25 -.79 -3.36 -6.04 Nonresidential................ .77 .52 .17 .64 .64 .40 1.62 .71 .59 -.09 .33 1.07 .91 .36 .26 .27 -.19 -2.56 -4.68 Structures.................. .23 .40 .39 -.04 -.26 .05 .42 .54 .42 .08 .35 .57 .65 .29 .30 .64 .36 -.38 -2.13 Equipment and software...... .54 .13 -.22 .68 .90 .35 1.20 .16 .17 -.18 -.02 .50 .26 .07 -.04 -.37 -.55 -2.18 -2.55 Information processing equipment and software... .32 .34 .18 .31 .36 .33 .61 .15 .34 .04 .57 .41 .31 .37 .27 .30 -.16 -.92 -.69 Computers and peripheral equipment.............. .15 .11 .05 .12 .09 .22 .16 .17 .13 .02 .17 .09 .12 .12 .10 .08 -.16 -.28 -.10 Software................ .06 .15 .08 .16 .04 .10 .03 .02 .07 .14 .21 .22 .10 .16 .16 .04 -.08 -.23 -.28 Other................... .11 .08 .05 .03 .23 .02 .41 -.04 .14 -.11 .19 .09 .09 .10 .00 .18 .08 -.42 -.31 Industrial equipment...... .07 .02 -.06 -.04 .19 .19 -.07 .25 -.12 -.02 -.10 .34 -.04 -.20 .01 -.05 -.12 -.19 -.70 Transportation equipment.. .09 -.17 -.32 .24 .31 -.24 .52 -.25 .06 -.15 -.21 -.32 -.07 -.18 -.16 -.58 -.47 -.75 -.65 Other equipment........... .05 -.07 -.02 .17 .04 .07 .15 .02 -.12 -.05 -.28 .07 .06 .08 -.16 -.04 .20 -.31 -.50 Residential................... -.45 -1.02 -.93 .57 .25 .01 -.23 -1.11 -1.40 -1.18 -.91 -.60 -1.06 -1.33 -1.12 -.52 -.60 -.80 -1.36 Change in private inventories... .03 -.40 -.26 -2.07 -.19 1.56 -.24 .38 -.11 -1.41 -1.06 .47 .69 -.96 -.02 -1.50 .84 -.11 -2.79 Farm.......................... -.03 .04 .02 .14 .19 -.15 .02 -.24 .00 .12 -.07 .14 -.08 .47 -.17 -.14 .01 .06 .05 Nonfarm....................... .06 -.44 -.28 -2.20 -.39 1.71 -.26 .62 -.12 -1.52 -.99 .33 .77 -1.43 .15 -1.36 .83 -.17 -2.84 Net exports of goods and services. -.02 .58 1.40 .79 -.07 -1.26 .09 .59 -.12 1.33 -1.20 1.66 2.03 .94 .77 2.93 1.05 -.15 1.99 Exports......................... .96 .95 .76 .89 .04 1.09 1.70 .58 .39 1.66 .06 1.01 2.54 .53 .63 1.54 .40 -3.44 -4.06 Goods......................... .73 .59 .51 .98 -.06 .91 1.27 .49 .28 .78 .15 .55 1.66 .43 .39 1.39 .34 -3.38 -3.68 Services...................... .23 .36 .25 -.09 .10 .18 .42 .09 .11 .87 -.09 .46 .88 .10 .24 .15 .06 -.06 -.38 Imports......................... -.98 -.37 .64 -.10 -.11 -2.35 -1.61 .01 -.51 -.33 -1.25 .65 -.51 .40 .14 1.39 .65 3.29 6.05 Goods......................... -.82 -.25 .65 -.10 -.14 -2.18 -1.18 -.04 -.51 .13 -1.14 .59 -.34 .38 .29 1.14 .74 3.09 5.89 Services...................... -.16 -.12 -.01 .00 .03 -.17 -.43 .05 .01 -.46 -.11 .06 -.17 .02 -.15 .25 -.09 .20 .16 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment............. .32 .40 .57 .17 .65 -.34 .72 .23 .32 .30 .17 .77 .75 .16 .38 .78 1.14 .26 -.81 Federal......................... .16 .11 .43 .08 .66 -.53 .66 -.11 .13 .12 -.26 .47 .51 -.04 .41 .47 .97 .52 -.32 National defense.............. .08 .12 .35 .18 .56 -.73 .39 .09 -.04 .32 -.29 .40 .48 -.04 .34 .36 .85 .18 -.35 Consumption expenditures.... .04 .11 .27 .06 .45 -.70 .40 -.02 .00 .14 -.08 .28 .45 -.06 .31 .15 .72 .17 -.24 Gross investment............ .04 .01 .08 .12 .11 -.02 -.01 .11 -.05 .18 -.21 .12 .03 .02 .04 .21 .14 .01 -.10 Nondefense.................... .08 .00 .08 -.11 .10 .20 .27 -.20 .17 -.20 .03 .07 .03 .01 .06 .11 .12 .34 .03 Consumption expenditures..... .05 .00 .06 -.12 .03 .10 .22 -.14 .15 -.20 .06 .02 .03 -.02 .06 .08 .11 .21 .12 Gross investment............. .03 .00 .02 .01 .07 .10 .05 -.07 .03 .01 -.04 .05 -.01 .02 .01 .03 .00 .14 -.09 State and local................. .16 .28 .14 .10 -.01 .19 .06 .34 .19 .18 .43 .30 .24 .19 -.03 .31 .17 -.25 -.49 Consumption expenditures.... .16 .20 .13 .02 .06 .09 .23 .16 .24 .23 .20 .17 .15 .15 .14 .12 .11 .00 -.05 Gross investment............ .00 .09 .01 .08 -.07 .10 -.18 .18 -.05 -.06 .24 .13 .09 .04 -.18 .19 .06 -.25 -.44 Addenda: Goods........................... 1.67 .97 .31 1.49 1.68 .65 3.40 1.84 .51 .42 -.80 3.08 2.71 .01 .29 1.49 -1.29 -6.16 -2.47 Services........................ 1.35 1.61 1.32 .59 2.23 .52 1.48 1.26 1.29 2.19 1.26 1.61 2.35 .79 1.62 1.02 .87 1.17 .23 Structures...................... -.24 -.55 -.52 .54 -.06 .15 -.07 -.42 -1.00 -1.10 -.41 .09 -.30 -.97 -1.03 .32 -.09 -1.35 -3.91 Motor vehicle output............ -.03 -.03 -.50 .24 .76 -1.22 .59 -.34 .40 -.65 .10 .13 .47 -.86 -.41 -1.01 .16 -2.01 -1.36 Final sales of computers........ .15 .13 .12 .22 .07 .21 .16 .15 .04 .20 -.03 .21 .28 .14 .05 .17 -.01 -.02 .05 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 3.--Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Level and Change From Preceding Period ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Billions of current dollars Billions of chained (2000) dollars ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change from preceding at annual rates at annual rates period -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------------- 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 2008 IV 08 I 09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product....... 14,264.6 14,150.8 14,294.5 14,412.8 14,200.3 14,075.5 11,652.0 11,646.0 11,727.4 11,712.4 11,522.1 11,340.9 128.1 -190.3 -181.2 Personal consumption expenditures. 10,057.9 10,002.3 10,138.0 10,163.5 9,927.9 9,955.7 8,272.1 8,316.1 8,341.3 8,260.6 8,170.5 8,214.2 19.3 -90.1 43.7 Durable goods................... 1,023.2 1,071.0 1,059.3 1,016.2 946.3 963.8 1,188.5 1,237.0 1,228.3 1,180.1 1,108.6 1,133.9 -53.9 -71.5 25.3 Motor vehicles and parts...... 379.9 424.7 400.6 370.7 323.8 338.6 387.2 430.2 407.2 376.9 334.6 350.6 -59.5 -42.3 16.0 Furniture and household equipment.................... 411.7 415.1 423.0 411.2 397.4 398.0 614.3 609.3 629.6 616.2 602.2 608.5 20.3 -14.0 6.3 Other......................... 231.6 231.3 235.7 234.3 225.2 227.2 226.5 229.4 230.8 228.1 217.7 219.6 -1.8 -10.4 1.9 Nondurable goods................ 2,965.1 2,950.7 3,026.2 3,044.6 2,839.0 2,810.8 2,378.4 2,397.9 2,420.7 2,376.3 2,318.6 2,326.2 -14.2 -57.7 7.6 Food.......................... 1,399.2 1,380.5 1,416.3 1,418.4 1,381.7 1,382.1 1,109.3 1,122.4 1,133.6 1,112.3 1,069.0 1,066.9 -1.2 -43.3 -2.1 Clothing and shoes............ 373.6 375.5 382.4 374.4 362.1 368.7 414.5 416.3 427.2 412.2 402.3 406.1 1.6 -9.9 3.8 Gasoline, fuel oil, and other energy goods................. 411.8 423.7 441.8 463.6 318.1 268.1 189.2 194.0 190.8 184.1 187.9 190.9 -8.9 3.8 3.0 Other......................... 780.5 771.1 785.7 788.2 777.1 791.8 689.3 684.8 695.1 695.5 681.6 685.1 2.0 -13.9 3.5 Services........................ 6,069.6 5,980.6 6,052.5 6,102.7 6,142.5 6,181.1 4,714.3 4,704.3 4,712.1 4,711.3 4,729.4 4,746.5 68.1 18.1 17.1 Housing....................... 1,513.7 1,495.1 1,508.8 1,520.9 1,529.7 1,535.5 1,182.4 1,177.3 1,182.3 1,184.5 1,185.6 1,185.2 10.7 1.1 -.4 Household operation........... 553.0 541.7 554.5 555.8 559.9 568.2 420.1 425.9 421.3 412.4 420.6 429.1 -1.1 8.2 8.5 Electricity and gas......... 232.3 228.1 236.3 231.9 233.0 239.8 148.0 154.0 149.6 141.2 147.5 154.5 -3.1 6.3 7.0 Other household operation... 320.6 313.6 318.1 323.9 326.9 328.4 273.9 272.5 273.2 274.6 275.2 275.6 3.0 .6 .4 Transportation................ 373.0 368.8 372.9 376.8 373.6 371.5 297.4 301.2 298.9 297.2 292.2 288.4 -1.8 -5.0 -3.8 Medical care.................. 1,781.2 1,746.6 1,769.3 1,792.9 1,816.1 1,835.0 1,374.8 1,360.8 1,370.3 1,378.9 1,389.2 1,396.0 47.0 10.3 6.8 Recreation.................... 412.6 408.2 412.3 415.8 413.9 417.9 332.2 332.3 333.4 332.1 331.2 333.2 -2.8 -.9 2.0 Other......................... 1,436.1 1,420.2 1,434.6 1,440.4 1,449.3 1,453.1 1,105.5 1,105.0 1,104.0 1,104.6 1,108.4 1,112.1 15.6 3.8 3.7 Gross private domestic investment. 1,993.5 2,056.1 2,000.9 2,010.9 1,906.1 1,579.8 1,689.1 1,754.7 1,702.0 1,703.7 1,596.0 1,329.8 -120.6 -107.7 -266.2 Fixed investment................ 2,040.5 2,081.7 2,077.0 2,060.6 1,942.7 1,716.6 1,718.9 1,762.4 1,754.9 1,731.1 1,627.0 1,444.3 -89.6 -104.1 -182.7 Nonresidential................ 1,552.8 1,553.6 1,571.9 1,581.2 1,504.3 1,332.4 1,405.4 1,423.1 1,431.8 1,425.7 1,341.1 1,190.6 22.5 -84.6 -150.5 Structures.................. 553.4 522.7 549.8 572.4 568.4 487.2 338.8 326.4 340.5 348.4 339.9 293.9 34.2 -8.5 -46.0 Equipment and software...... 999.4 1,030.9 1,022.1 1,008.8 935.8 845.1 1,047.0 1,088.6 1,074.7 1,054.0 970.5 875.3 -31.9 -83.5 -95.2 Information processing equipment and software... 535.8 539.6 550.9 544.5 508.2 480.9 685.0 689.6 702.9 695.5 651.8 619.8 31.1 -43.7 -32.0 Computers and peripheral equipment.............. 89.8 95.8 96.8 89.2 77.4 72.1 ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Software................ 240.5 241.8 244.6 242.5 233.0 222.3 248.4 251.0 252.3 249.5 240.8 230.2 11.4 -8.7 -10.6 Other................... 205.5 202.0 209.5 212.9 197.8 186.5 226.1 223.6 230.6 233.6 216.6 204.5 8.1 -17.0 -12.1 Industrial equipment...... 180.6 182.0 183.2 182.2 175.1 149.5 149.2 153.4 152.0 148.6 142.8 122.1 -6.5 -5.8 -20.7 Transportation equipment.. 112.2 142.1 121.4 105.5 79.8 59.5 99.6 127.0 108.6 93.6 69.3 49.3 -39.8 -24.3 -20.0 Other equipment........... 170.8 167.3 166.5 176.6 172.7 155.3 146.3 146.5 145.3 151.5 141.9 127.1 -2.1 -9.6 -14.8 Residential................... 487.7 528.1 505.0 479.4 438.4 384.2 359.5 383.0 369.6 353.7 331.6 294.2 -94.3 -22.1 -37.4 Change in private inventories... -47.0 -25.6 -76.0 -49.7 -36.6 -136.8 -29.0 -10.2 -50.6 -29.6 -25.8 -103.7 -26.5 3.8 -77.9 Farm.......................... -2.4 .2 -4.1 -4.2 -1.5 -.2 3.6 6.0 2.4 2.2 3.7 5.0 2.6 1.5 1.3 Nonfarm....................... -44.6 -25.8 -71.9 -45.5 -35.0 -136.5 -34.3 -17.9 -55.1 -33.3 -31.1 -111.7 -30.6 2.2 -80.6 Net exports of goods and services. -669.2 -705.7 -718.2 -707.7 -545.1 -337.7 -390.2 -462.0 -381.3 -353.1 -364.5 -308.4 156.3 -11.4 56.1 Exports......................... 1,859.4 1,820.8 1,923.2 1,968.9 1,724.7 1,536.7 1,514.1 1,500.6 1,544.7 1,556.1 1,454.9 1,331.0 88.2 -101.2 -123.9 Goods......................... 1,283.1 1,256.9 1,343.7 1,374.3 1,157.6 994.5 1,058.5 1,048.6 1,088.9 1,098.7 997.7 882.7 59.8 -101.0 -115.0 Services...................... 576.3 563.9 579.5 594.6 567.1 542.2 455.2 451.7 455.8 457.4 455.7 444.8 28.3 -1.7 -10.9 Imports......................... 2,528.6 2,526.5 2,641.4 2,676.6 2,269.7 1,874.4 1,904.3 1,962.6 1,926.0 1,909.1 1,819.4 1,639.5 -68.1 -89.7 -179.9 Goods......................... 2,115.2 2,118.0 2,225.5 2,251.0 1,866.1 1,491.0 1,608.1 1,662.0 1,631.6 1,612.2 1,526.8 1,347.0 -69.6 -85.4 -179.8 Services...................... 413.4 408.5 415.9 425.6 403.6 383.4 297.0 301.8 295.5 297.9 292.8 288.6 .6 -5.1 -4.2 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment............. 2,882.4 2,798.1 2,873.7 2,946.1 2,911.4 2,877.7 2,070.2 2,039.1 2,058.9 2,088.1 2,094.7 2,073.8 58.1 6.6 -20.9 Federal......................... 1,071.9 1,026.5 1,056.1 1,098.0 1,107.0 1,102.5 798.2 772.6 785.0 810.8 824.5 816.1 45.3 13.7 -8.4 National defense.............. 734.9 699.9 723.3 759.5 757.0 749.0 538.1 518.9 528.1 550.4 555.0 545.9 36.0 4.6 -9.1 Consumption expenditures.... 639.7 613.8 629.0 659.6 656.6 652.8 452.5 439.7 443.4 461.5 465.6 459.4 26.7 4.1 -6.2 Gross investment............ 95.2 86.1 94.3 99.9 100.4 96.2 88.6 81.0 87.9 92.6 92.9 89.5 10.6 .3 -3.4 Nondefense.................... 337.0 326.6 332.9 338.5 350.0 353.5 259.5 253.2 256.3 259.5 268.9 269.8 9.1 9.4 .9 Consumption expenditures.... 292.2 284.2 289.2 294.5 300.9 307.5 217.9 213.5 215.6 218.5 224.0 227.2 6.2 5.5 3.2 Gross investment............ 44.8 42.4 43.7 44.0 49.1 45.9 42.6 40.5 41.6 41.8 46.4 43.4 3.3 4.6 -3.0 State and local................. 1,810.4 1,771.6 1,817.6 1,848.1 1,804.4 1,775.2 1,273.0 1,266.7 1,274.4 1,278.7 1,272.3 1,259.7 14.0 -6.4 -12.6 Consumption expenditures.... 1,454.4 1,426.3 1,462.7 1,485.7 1,443.0 1,426.4 1,021.2 1,017.6 1,020.6 1,023.4 1,023.3 1,022.0 13.2 -.1 -1.3 Gross investment............ 356.0 345.3 354.9 362.4 361.4 348.8 251.7 249.0 253.7 255.2 248.8 238.0 .8 -6.4 -10.8 Residual.......................... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... -161.8 -178.7 -191.6 -162.8 -114.0 -128.5 ..... ..... ..... Addenda: Final sales of domestic product. 14,311.6 14,176.4 14,370.5 14,462.5 14,236.9 14,212.3 11,681.0 11,653.7 11,778.8 11,739.2 11,552.2 11,452.3 157.6 -187.0 -99.9 Gross domestic purchases........ 14,933.8 14,856.6 15,012.7 15,120.5 14,745.4 14,413.2 12,035.2 12,105.8 12,102.6 12,057.8 11,874.5 11,637.2 -31.6 -183.3 -237.3 Final sales to domestic purchasers..................... 14,980.7 14,882.2 15,088.7 15,170.2 14,782.0 14,550.0 12,063.6 12,113.3 12,153.0 12,084.1 11,904.0 11,747.7 -2.4 -180.1 -156.3 Gross domestic product.......... 14,264.6 14,150.8 14,294.5 14,412.8 14,200.3 14,075.5 11,652.0 11,646.0 11,727.4 11,712.4 11,522.1 11,340.9 128.1 -190.3 -181.2 Plus: Income receipts from the rest of the world.......... 798.3 843.2 822.8 815.6 711.6 ..... 647.2 690.9 667.2 653.9 576.7 ..... -72.7 -77.2 ..... Less: Income payments to the rest of the world.......... 665.1 705.1 708.9 688.7 557.7 ..... 536.3 575.2 571.6 548.5 450.0 ..... -97.0 -98.5 ..... Equals: Gross national product.. 14,397.8 14,289.0 14,408.3 14,539.6 14,354.3 ..... 11,762.3 11,760.9 11,822.2 11,817.3 11,648.7 ..... 152.5 -168.6 ..... Net domestic product............ 12,432.3 12,372.9 12,491.3 12,514.8 12,350.2 12,215.6 10,055.1 10,093.2 10,151.2 10,062.4 9,913.7 9,727.0 29.2 -148.7 -186.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note.--Users are cautioned that particularly for components that exhibit rapid change in prices relative to other prices in the economy, the chained-dollar estimates should not be used to measure the component's relative importance or its contribution to the growth rate of more aggregate series. For accurate estimates of the contributions to percent changes in real GDP, use table 2. See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 4.--Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Percent Change From Preceding Period [Quarters seasonally adjusted at annual rates] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 II 05 III 05 IV 05 I 06 II 06 III 06 IV 06 I 07 II 07 III 07 IV 07 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product (GDP). 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.7 3.5 2.7 2.8 2.2 4.1 2.0 1.5 2.8 2.6 1.1 3.9 .5 2.9 Personal consumption expenditures... 2.8 2.6 3.3 2.5 4.7 3.3 1.8 3.3 3.1 -.5 3.4 3.6 2.5 4.3 3.6 4.3 5.0 -4.9 -1.0 Durable goods..................... -1.3 -1.8 -1.2 -.9 -3.1 -.9 -.9 -.8 -1.3 -2.7 -1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6 -.1 -1.6 -.6 -3.5 -1.7 Nondurable goods.................. 3.0 3.0 5.3 2.0 11.2 2.3 .3 4.9 4.4 -6.2 5.1 6.4 2.9 8.4 6.7 6.5 10.3 -16.6 -5.2 Services.......................... 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.3 4.7 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.8 3.6 3.3 3.1 3.5 2.8 4.2 3.4 1.1 1.1 Gross private domestic investment... 4.2 1.4 .7 4.0 5.0 5.4 5.2 3.5 1.6 3.3 1.6 -.3 -.3 1.3 -.5 .4 2.0 4.4 -1.5 Fixed investment.................. 4.2 1.4 .6 4.2 5.3 5.7 5.0 3.4 1.5 3.2 1.6 -.2 -.4 1.2 -.2 .8 2.3 1.2 -1.8 Nonresidential.................. 3.3 1.4 1.6 2.7 2.0 4.4 4.3 3.3 1.7 2.9 1.3 .3 -.6 1.7 .6 2.3 4.2 4.6 -.9 Structures.................... 12.3 3.8 3.6 10.1 14.8 17.0 14.1 12.0 4.6 6.7 3.4 .7 .5 4.5 2.7 3.3 7.1 7.4 -3.4 Equipment and software........ .1 .3 .6 .1 -2.3 .2 .7 -.1 .5 1.2 .4 .1 -1.2 .4 -.4 1.7 2.6 3.0 .5 Residential..................... 5.9 1.5 -2.4 6.8 11.0 7.8 6.4 3.7 1.2 3.9 2.2 -1.3 .3 .0 -2.6 -3.5 -3.3 -9.4 -4.8 Change in private inventories..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Net exports of goods and services... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports........................... 3.5 3.5 5.3 3.5 2.5 3.2 2.9 5.8 4.7 -.8 3.6 5.3 3.5 6.2 9.1 10.8 6.7 -23.0 -10.0 Goods........................... 3.3 3.5 5.3 3.0 1.3 2.2 3.0 6.2 5.2 .0 3.3 5.1 2.8 6.0 10.0 12.3 5.6 -26.0 -11.1 Services........................ 3.8 3.5 5.4 4.6 5.3 5.5 2.7 4.9 3.7 -2.6 4.3 5.9 5.2 6.6 6.9 7.5 9.3 -16.1 -7.9 Imports........................... 4.3 3.7 10.4 9.7 10.3 4.5 -1.1 10.3 5.0 -9.1 .9 12.8 7.4 12.8 12.8 28.8 9.2 -37.3 -29.5 Goods........................... 4.2 3.6 11.1 10.0 10.8 5.0 -2.0 10.4 5.4 -10.1 .8 13.0 7.7 14.5 13.8 31.2 9.8 -41.3 -32.7 Services........................ 4.8 3.7 7.1 7.9 7.8 2.0 4.1 9.9 3.2 -3.8 1.1 11.7 6.1 4.5 7.8 16.8 6.2 -13.3 -13.8 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment............... 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.1 7.0 4.8 4.9 4.9 3.3 2.3 6.4 5.2 3.4 5.1 6.2 7.0 4.4 -5.8 -.6 Federal........................... 4.1 3.4 3.2 1.7 3.1 .8 10.2 4.1 1.2 .9 7.6 3.7 .9 2.3 5.6 5.1 2.7 -3.4 2.5 National defense................ 4.5 3.5 3.6 1.8 3.2 1.3 10.9 4.4 1.5 .7 7.0 4.3 1.6 3.1 5.1 6.3 3.1 -4.5 2.4 Nondefense...................... 3.4 3.1 2.6 1.6 3.0 -.1 8.9 3.5 .5 1.2 8.8 2.6 -.5 .5 6.8 2.8 1.9 -.9 2.7 State and local................... 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.6 9.4 7.3 2.0 5.4 4.6 3.2 5.7 6.1 4.9 6.8 6.6 8.1 5.5 -7.3 -2.5 Addenda: Final sales of domestic product... 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.8 3.5 2.7 2.7 2.2 4.1 2.0 1.5 2.8 2.7 1.2 4.0 .1 2.8 Gross domestic purchases.......... 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.1 5.2 3.9 2.9 3.6 2.9 .6 3.6 3.3 2.2 4.0 3.5 4.2 4.5 -3.9 -1.0 Final sales to domestic purchasers....................... 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.1 5.2 4.0 2.8 3.6 2.9 .6 3.7 3.3 2.2 4.0 3.5 4.3 4.5 -4.3 -1.0 Gross national product (GNP)...... 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.7 3.5 2.7 2.8 2.2 4.1 2.0 1.5 2.8 2.6 1.1 3.9 .6 ..... Implicit price deflators: GDP............................. 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.8 3.6 2.7 2.7 2.2 4.2 2.0 1.5 2.5 2.6 1.3 3.9 .6 2.9 Gross domestic purchases........ 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.1 5.2 4.0 2.9 3.6 2.9 .6 3.7 3.3 2.2 3.7 3.4 4.4 4.4 -3.8 -1.0 GNP............................. 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.8 3.6 2.7 2.8 2.1 4.2 2.0 1.5 2.5 2.5 1.3 3.9 .6 ..... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 5.--Real Gross Domestic Product, Quantity Indexes [Index numbers, 2000=100] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonally adjusted --------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product............. 115.054 117.388 118.692 118.631 119.460 119.308 117.369 115.523 Personal consumption expenditures.......... 119.135 122.456 122.743 123.395 123.770 122.572 121.235 121.883 Durable goods............................ 137.274 143.908 137.666 143.284 142.273 136.695 128.413 131.339 Nondurable goods......................... 119.930 122.872 122.143 123.147 124.317 122.035 119.071 119.463 Services................................. 115.298 118.259 119.992 119.739 119.937 119.916 120.376 120.811 Gross private domestic investment.......... 110.200 104.278 97.328 101.110 98.071 98.169 91.961 76.622 Fixed investment......................... 111.109 107.717 102.375 104.969 104.522 103.102 96.907 86.022 Nonresidential......................... 106.987 112.244 114.069 115.504 116.212 115.714 108.847 96.636 Structures........................... 86.318 97.264 108.180 104.206 108.716 111.257 108.543 93.830 Equipment and software............... 115.467 117.412 113.939 118.470 116.961 114.709 105.616 95.257 Residential............................ 123.728 101.534 80.436 85.698 82.692 79.154 74.201 65.831 Change in private inventories............ ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports of goods and services.............. 119.937 130.068 138.111 136.880 140.908 141.943 132.713 121.413 Imports of goods and services.............. 130.815 133.654 129.038 132.991 130.509 129.367 123.283 111.092 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment.......................... 114.497 116.871 120.250 118.443 119.594 121.288 121.674 120.456 Federal.................................. 128.019 130.078 137.913 133.488 135.628 140.080 142.457 140.997 State and local.......................... 107.642 110.167 111.394 110.844 111.517 111.891 111.326 110.229 Addenda: Final sales of domestic product.......... 115.254 118.062 119.677 119.397 120.679 120.273 118.357 117.333 Gross domestic purchases................. 116.748 118.343 118.033 118.726 118.694 118.255 116.457 114.130 Final sales to domestic purchasers....... 116.948 118.995 118.971 119.461 119.853 119.173 117.397 115.856 Gross national product................... 115.284 117.795 119.342 119.329 119.950 119.901 118.190 ..... ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 6.--Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product [Index numbers, 2000=100] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonally adjusted --------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product............. 116.676 119.819 122.500 121.613 121.951 123.134 123.302 124.186 Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)..................................... 114.675 117.659 121.596 120.283 121.544 123.041 121.514 121.207 Durable goods............................ 88.772 87.154 86.071 86.581 86.237 86.110 85.357 84.995 Nondurable goods......................... 114.984 118.407 124.666 123.059 125.021 128.129 122.455 120.838 Services................................. 120.752 124.712 128.752 127.133 128.450 129.538 129.885 130.231 Gross private domestic investment.......... 116.102 117.735 118.509 117.815 117.926 118.510 119.786 119.327 Fixed investment......................... 116.380 117.995 118.727 118.117 118.353 119.037 119.400 118.853 Nonresidential......................... 107.277 108.739 110.513 109.177 109.788 110.913 112.174 111.909 Structures........................... 151.822 157.662 163.298 160.182 161.496 164.285 167.229 165.810 Equipment and software............... 94.594 94.870 95.485 94.700 95.101 95.710 96.431 96.556 Residential............................ 136.897 138.884 135.587 137.900 136.687 135.535 132.226 130.611 Change in private inventories............ ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports of goods and services.............. 112.618 116.586 122.788 121.397 124.560 126.592 118.601 115.511 Imports of goods and services.............. 115.932 120.168 132.698 128.722 137.136 140.189 124.747 114.321 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment.......................... 127.239 132.941 139.234 137.237 139.588 141.107 139.002 138.782 Federal.................................. 125.806 130.076 134.289 132.879 134.553 135.447 134.277 135.112 State and local.......................... 128.109 134.671 142.219 139.866 142.632 144.540 141.838 140.934 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............ 112.129 114.548 117.043 116.158 116.782 117.481 117.749 118.195 Market-based PCE\1\...................... 113.167 115.893 119.760 118.452 119.719 121.348 119.523 119.092 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\1\........................... 109.715 111.700 113.818 113.021 113.522 114.228 114.502 114.955 Final sales of domestic product.......... 116.710 119.853 122.528 121.653 122.008 123.204 123.245 124.106 Gross domestic purchases................. 117.066 120.294 124.158 122.821 124.103 125.475 124.232 123.924 Final sales to domestic purchasers....... 117.101 120.329 124.187 122.863 124.160 125.543 124.181 123.858 Gross national product................... 116.673 119.815 122.485 121.601 121.938 123.117 123.286 ..... Implicit price deflators: Gross domestic product................. 116.676 119.816 122.422 121.508 121.890 123.056 123.244 124.113 Final sales of domestic product........ 116.709 119.853 122.520 121.647 122.002 123.198 123.239 124.100 Gross domestic purchases............... 117.066 120.292 124.084 122.722 124.045 125.400 124.177 123.854 Final sales to domestic purchasers..... 117.101 120.329 124.181 122.858 124.156 125.538 124.176 123.853 Gross national product................. 116.672 119.813 122.407 121.495 121.876 123.037 123.226 ..... ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, the services furnished without payment by financial intermediaries) and the expenses of nonprofit institutions. Percentage changes for these series are included in the addenda to table 8 and in appendix table A. See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Table 7.--Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change from Preceding Year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product (GDP).... 2.7 4.0 2.5 3.7 4.5 4.2 4.5 3.7 .8 1.6 2.5 3.6 2.9 2.8 2.0 1.1 Personal consumption expenditures...... 3.3 3.7 2.7 3.4 3.8 5.0 5.1 4.7 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.6 3.0 3.0 2.8 .2 Durable goods........................ 7.8 8.4 4.4 7.8 8.6 11.3 11.7 7.3 4.3 7.1 5.8 6.3 4.6 4.5 4.8 -4.3 Nondurable goods..................... 2.7 3.5 2.2 2.6 2.7 4.0 4.6 3.8 2.0 2.5 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.7 2.5 -.6 Services............................. 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.3 4.2 4.0 4.5 2.4 1.9 1.9 3.2 2.6 2.5 2.6 1.5 Gross private domestic investment...... 8.9 13.6 3.1 8.9 12.4 9.8 7.8 5.7 -7.9 -2.6 3.6 9.7 5.8 2.1 -5.4 -6.7 Fixed investment..................... 8.6 9.3 6.5 9.0 9.2 10.2 8.3 6.5 -3.0 -5.2 3.4 7.3 6.8 1.9 -3.1 -5.0 Nonresidential..................... 8.7 9.2 10.5 9.3 12.1 11.1 9.2 8.7 -4.2 -9.2 1.0 5.8 7.2 7.5 4.9 1.6 Structures....................... -.7 1.8 6.4 5.6 7.3 5.1 -.4 6.8 -2.3 -17.1 -4.1 1.3 1.3 8.2 12.7 11.2 Equipment and software........... 12.5 11.9 12.0 10.6 13.8 13.3 12.7 9.4 -4.9 -6.2 2.8 7.4 9.3 7.2 1.7 -3.0 Residential........................ 8.2 9.6 -3.2 8.0 1.9 7.6 6.0 .8 .4 4.8 8.4 10.0 6.3 -7.1 -17.9 -20.8 Change in private inventories........ ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Net exports of goods and services...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports.............................. 3.2 8.7 10.1 8.4 11.9 2.4 4.3 8.7 -5.4 -2.3 1.3 9.7 7.0 9.1 8.4 6.2 Goods.............................. 3.3 9.7 11.7 8.8 14.3 2.2 3.8 11.2 -6.1 -4.0 1.8 9.0 7.7 9.9 7.5 6.0 Services........................... 3.2 6.3 6.3 7.2 5.9 2.9 5.6 2.9 -3.7 1.9 .0 11.5 5.6 7.2 10.5 6.6 Imports.............................. 8.8 11.9 8.0 8.7 13.6 11.6 11.5 13.1 -2.7 3.4 4.1 11.3 5.9 6.0 2.2 -3.5 Goods.............................. 10.1 13.3 9.0 9.3 14.4 11.7 12.4 13.5 -3.2 3.7 4.9 11.3 6.8 6.0 1.7 -4.1 Services........................... 2.9 5.7 3.3 5.5 9.4 11.4 6.9 11.1 -.3 2.1 .0 11.5 1.4 6.0 4.4 .2 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment.................. -.9 .0 .5 1.0 1.9 1.9 3.9 2.1 3.4 4.4 2.5 1.4 .4 1.7 2.1 2.9 Federal.............................. -4.2 -3.7 -2.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 2.2 .9 3.9 7.0 6.8 4.2 1.2 2.3 1.6 6.0 National defense................... -5.6 -4.9 -3.8 -1.4 -2.8 -2.1 1.9 -.5 3.9 7.4 8.7 5.8 1.5 1.6 2.5 7.2 Nondefense......................... -.7 -1.2 -.4 -.7 2.6 .7 2.8 3.5 3.9 6.3 3.4 1.1 .6 3.6 -.2 3.6 State and local...................... 1.4 2.6 2.6 2.3 3.6 3.6 4.7 2.7 3.2 3.1 .2 -.2 -.1 1.3 2.3 1.1 Addenda: Final sales of domestic product...... 2.6 3.4 3.0 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.5 3.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.4 1.4 Gross domestic purchases............. 3.2 4.4 2.4 3.8 4.8 5.3 5.3 4.4 .9 2.2 2.8 4.1 3.0 2.6 1.4 -.3 Final sales to domestic purchasers... 3.2 3.8 2.8 3.8 4.3 5.3 5.4 4.5 1.8 1.8 2.8 3.8 3.1 2.6 1.8 .0 Gross national product............... 2.7 3.9 2.6 3.7 4.4 4.0 4.6 3.7 .8 1.5 2.7 3.8 3.0 2.6 2.2 1.3 Real disposable personal income...... 1.0 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.5 5.8 3.0 4.8 1.9 3.1 2.2 3.6 1.4 3.5 2.8 1.3 Price indexes: Gross domestic purchases........... 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.4 .6 1.6 2.5 2.0 1.6 2.3 3.1 3.7 3.4 2.8 3.2 Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy................... 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.7 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.2 GDP................................ 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.1 1.4 2.2 2.4 1.7 2.1 2.9 3.3 3.2 2.7 2.2 GDP excluding food and energy...... 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.7 3.2 3.2 2.5 2.0 Personal consumption expenditures.. 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.7 .9 1.7 2.5 2.1 1.4 2.0 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.6 3.3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 8.--Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change From Quarter One Year Ago ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- II 05 III 05 IV 05 I 06 II 06 III 06 IV 06 I 07 II 07 III 07 IV 07 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product (GDP).... 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.1 3.2 2.4 2.4 1.3 1.8 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.1 .7 -.8 -2.6 Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)................................. 3.3 3.3 2.6 3.2 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.2 1.5 1.3 -.2 -1.5 -1.2 Durable goods........................ 6.8 6.2 1.2 5.5 3.0 2.5 6.9 4.6 5.4 5.1 4.2 .8 -1.1 -5.5 -11.4 -8.3 Nondurable goods..................... 3.6 3.6 3.6 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.4 1.7 .7 1.2 -.9 -3.4 -3.0 Services............................. 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.1 1.1 .9 Gross private domestic investment...... 4.4 3.5 4.8 4.1 5.4 3.0 -3.9 -7.7 -6.2 -4.1 -3.3 -2.3 -6.6 -7.3 -10.4 -24.2 Fixed investment..................... 7.3 6.4 5.1 5.8 3.3 .7 -1.8 -4.6 -3.3 -2.3 -1.9 -2.5 -3.6 -4.7 -9.0 -18.1 Nonresidential..................... 8.1 6.6 4.9 7.9 7.9 7.7 6.5 3.5 4.4 5.3 6.4 6.2 4.2 1.6 -5.2 -16.3 Structures....................... 2.3 -1.0 -.5 1.4 6.4 12.7 12.8 11.7 11.4 12.9 14.5 13.9 13.9 11.3 6.3 -10.0 Equipment and software........... 10.2 9.4 7.0 10.5 8.5 5.9 4.2 .3 1.6 2.0 2.8 2.7 -.3 -3.1 -11.0 -19.6 Residential........................ 6.1 6.0 5.4 2.5 -4.3 -10.8 -15.5 -18.5 -17.3 -17.0 -19.0 -21.3 -21.7 -20.6 -19.4 -23.2 Change in private inventories........ ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Net exports of goods and services...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... Exports.............................. 7.5 6.8 7.0 9.0 8.2 9.0 10.1 6.1 7.0 11.7 8.9 10.1 11.0 6.1 -1.8 -11.3 Goods.............................. 8.7 6.8 8.3 11.0 9.0 10.2 9.5 5.6 5.7 10.0 8.7 9.4 11.7 7.3 -3.8 -15.8 Services........................... 4.8 6.6 4.0 4.7 6.2 6.2 11.5 7.3 10.0 15.6 9.3 11.7 9.3 3.5 2.5 -1.5 Imports.............................. 5.5 4.5 4.8 6.6 6.5 7.1 3.8 3.2 2.2 2.2 1.1 -1.0 -1.9 -3.5 -7.5 -16.5 Goods.............................. 6.3 5.2 5.8 6.8 6.7 7.4 3.1 2.9 1.7 1.4 .9 -1.6 -2.4 -4.1 -8.6 -19.0 Services........................... 1.5 .8 -.1 5.6 5.1 5.3 8.0 4.8 4.8 6.5 1.8 2.2 .6 -.2 -1.7 -4.4 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment.................. .1 .6 .6 1.6 1.7 1.3 2.1 1.4 2.0 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.2 1.7 Federal.............................. .9 1.7 1.0 3.1 2.5 .6 2.9 -.4 1.6 2.9 2.3 4.8 4.7 6.3 8.2 5.6 National defense................... 1.8 2.1 .8 2.2 1.7 -1.5 4.1 .4 2.0 4.7 2.7 6.2 5.9 7.7 8.9 5.2 Nondefense......................... -.9 .8 1.4 5.1 4.1 4.9 .5 -2.1 .8 -.8 1.5 1.9 2.3 3.3 6.9 6.5 State and local...................... -.3 -.1 .3 .7 1.2 1.7 1.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 .4 -.6 Addenda: Final sales of domestic product...... 3.4 3.5 2.7 3.4 2.8 2.0 2.8 1.8 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.2 -.7 -1.7 Gross domestic purchases............. 2.9 2.8 2.6 3.1 3.2 2.4 1.9 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.1 .4 -.6 -1.9 -3.9 Final sales to domestic purchasers... 3.3 3.3 2.6 3.4 2.8 2.1 2.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.1 .8 -.2 -1.7 -3.0 Gross national product............... 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.1 2.1 2.5 1.2 1.6 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.4 .8 -.9 ..... Real disposable personal income...... 1.9 .9 .9 3.4 3.1 4.0 3.6 3.4 2.9 3.1 1.8 .6 3.3 .3 .8 2.5 Price indexes: Gross domestic purchases........... 3.3 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.3 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 4.1 2.0 .9 Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy................... 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 1.9 GDP................................ 2.9 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.6 2.0 2.1 GDP excluding food and energy...... 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.7 1.7 PCE................................ 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.9 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.2 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.3 1.9 .8 PCE excluding food and energy...... 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.8 Market-based PCE\1\................ 2.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.7 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.0 3.3 3.4 3.6 4.5 1.8 .5 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\1\..................... 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, the services furnished without payment by financial intermediaries) and the expenses of nonprofit institutions. Table 9.--Relation of Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Product, and National Income [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonally adjusted at annual rates --------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product..................... 13,178.4 13,807.5 14,264.6 14,150.8 14,294.5 14,412.8 14,200.3 14,075.5 Plus: Income receipts from the rest of the world..................................... 725.4 861.7 798.3 843.2 822.8 815.6 711.6 ..... Less: Income payments to the rest of the world..................................... 647.1 759.3 665.1 705.1 708.9 688.7 557.7 ..... Equals: Gross national product............. 13,256.6 13,910.0 14,397.8 14,289.0 14,408.3 14,539.6 14,354.3 ..... Less: Consumption of fixed capital......... 1,623.9 1,720.5 1,832.3 1,778.0 1,803.1 1,898.1 1,850.1 1,860.0 Less: Statistical discrepancy.............. -163.0 -81.4 135.8 63.4 136.6 150.2 193.0 ..... Equals: National income.................... 11,795.7 12,270.9 12,429.7 12,447.6 12,468.6 12,491.4 12,311.2 ..... Compensation of employees................ 7,433.8 7,812.3 8,055.1 8,009.7 8,033.5 8,092.9 8,084.1 8,025.1 Wage and salary accruals............... 6,028.5 6,355.7 6,550.1 6,518.0 6,531.3 6,581.8 6,569.4 6,495.8 Supplements to wages and salaries...... 1,405.3 1,456.6 1,504.9 1,491.7 1,502.2 1,511.1 1,514.7 1,529.3 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................. 1,014.7 1,056.2 1,072.4 1,071.7 1,076.9 1,080.5 1,060.6 1,040.7 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment.................. 44.3 40.0 64.4 39.1 58.6 68.5 91.4 89.8 Corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................. 1,668.5 1,642.4 1,476.5 1,593.5 1,533.3 1,514.8 1,264.5 ..... Net interest and miscellaneous payments.. 631.2 664.4 682.7 662.3 683.4 656.6 728.6 718.4 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies............................... 926.4 963.2 983.1 975.1 988.5 993.8 974.9 967.6 Business current transfer payments....... 85.4 100.2 103.6 103.2 102.1 92.1 116.8 122.8 Current surplus of government enterprises............................. -8.6 -7.9 -8.1 -7.1 -7.7 -8.0 -9.6 -11.5 Addendum: Gross domestic income.................... 13,341.4 13,889.0 14,128.8 14,087.4 14,157.8 14,262.6 14,007.3 ..... ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 10.--Personal Income and Its Disposition [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonally adjusted at annual rates --------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income\1\......................... 10,993.9 11,663.2 12,102.6 11,960.5 12,152.2 12,170.4 12,127.5 12,067.6 Compensation of employees, received...... 7,432.6 7,818.6 8,055.1 8,009.7 8,033.5 8,092.9 8,084.1 8,025.1 Wage and salary disbursements.......... 6,027.2 6,362.0 6,550.1 6,518.0 6,531.3 6,581.8 6,569.4 6,495.8 Supplements to wages and salaries...... 1,405.3 1,456.6 1,504.9 1,491.7 1,502.2 1,511.1 1,514.7 1,529.3 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................. 1,014.7 1,056.2 1,072.4 1,071.7 1,076.9 1,080.5 1,060.6 1,040.7 Farm................................... 16.2 44.0 34.6 41.6 38.0 32.4 26.3 25.1 Nonfarm................................ 998.6 1,012.2 1,037.9 1,030.1 1,039.0 1,048.2 1,034.2 1,015.6 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment.................. 44.3 40.0 64.4 39.1 58.6 68.5 91.4 89.8 Personal income receipts on assets....... 1,824.8 2,000.1 2,037.7 2,054.1 2,052.3 2,055.7 1,988.5 1,912.8 Personal interest income............... 1,125.4 1,214.3 1,208.5 1,224.6 1,208.7 1,217.4 1,183.4 1,149.8 Personal dividend income............... 699.4 785.8 829.1 829.5 843.6 838.3 805.1 762.9 Personal current transfer receipts....... 1,603.0 1,713.3 1,869.1 1,778.1 1,926.3 1,872.7 1,899.3 1,993.3 Less: Contributions for government social insurance........................ 925.5 965.1 996.0 992.2 995.4 1,000.0 996.4 994.0 Less: Personal current taxes............... 1,353.2 1,492.8 1,460.6 1,535.0 1,346.1 1,470.7 1,490.4 1,296.9 Equals: Disposable personal income......... 9,640.7 10,170.5 10,642.1 10,425.5 10,806.0 10,699.7 10,637.1 10,770.7 Less: Personal outlays..................... 9,570.0 10,113.1 10,450.7 10,404.9 10,538.2 10,559.9 10,299.7 10,317.8 Equals: Personal saving.................... 70.7 57.4 191.4 20.6 267.9 139.8 337.4 453.0 Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income.............. .7 .6 1.8 .2 2.5 1.3 3.2 4.2 Addendum: Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2000) dollars\2\............... 8,407.0 8,644.0 8,752.6 8,667.9 8,891.0 8,696.4 8,754.2 8,886.6 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Personal income is also equal to national income less corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, contributions for government social insurance, net interest and miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, current surplus of government enterprises, and wage accruals less disbursements, plus personal income receipts on assets, and personal current transfer receipts. 2. Equals disposable personal income deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. Appendix Table A.--Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Aggregates and Price Indexes: Percent Change From Preceding Period [Quarters seasonally adjusted at annual rates] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2006 2007 2008 II 05 III 05 IV 05 I 06 II 06 III 06 IV 06 I 07 II 07 III 07 IV 07 I 08 II 08 III 08 IV 08 I 09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross domestic product (GDP) and related aggregates: GDP............................... 2.8 2.0 1.1 2.6 3.8 1.3 4.8 2.7 .8 1.5 .1 4.8 4.8 -.2 .9 2.8 -.5 -6.3 -6.1 Goods............................. 5.4 3.1 1.0 4.7 5.3 2.0 11.1 5.9 1.5 1.3 -2.5 10.3 9.0 .0 .9 4.9 -4.2 -19.2 -8.4 Services.......................... 2.3 2.8 2.2 1.0 3.9 .9 2.6 2.3 2.3 3.8 2.1 2.7 4.0 1.3 2.7 1.7 1.5 1.9 .4 Structures........................ -2.2 -5.0 -5.1 5.1 -.6 1.3 -.8 -3.8 -8.8 -9.8 -3.9 .8 -2.9 -9.3 -10.1 3.3 -1.0 -13.8 -36.3 Motor vehicle output.............. -.9 -1.1 -17.7 7.1 24.6 -31.0 20.2 -10.1 13.7 -19.0 3.8 4.6 17.3 -25.7 -14.2 -33.8 7.3 -62.8 -56.4 GDP excuding motor vehicle output........................... 2.9 2.1 1.7 2.5 3.2 2.6 4.3 3.1 .4 2.2 -.1 4.8 4.4 .7 1.3 4.0 -.7 -4.5 -4.9 Final sales of computers\1\....... 25.0 21.3 18.5 38.5 11.5 37.2 27.8 25.2 7.0 34.2 -5.0 37.2 52.6 23.7 8.2 28.4 -1.7 -4.8 8.7 GDP excluding final sales of computers........................ 2.6 1.9 1.0 2.4 3.8 1.1 4.7 2.5 .8 1.3 .1 4.6 4.5 -.3 .8 2.7 -.5 -6.4 -6.2 Farm gross value added\2\......... -6.9 9.7 -1.9 27.7 3.1 -26.8 -22.3 3.1 6.9 30.4 12.5 -6.1 8.6 8.2 -15.5 -10.7 7.1 26.1 37.0 Nonfarm business gross value added\3\......................... 3.2 2.0 .8 2.9 4.8 1.3 6.0 2.9 .3 1.4 -.9 5.8 5.5 -.7 .9 2.8 -1.9 -8.8 -8.2 Price indexes: GDP............................... 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 4.1 3.7 3.5 2.7 2.8 2.2 4.1 2.0 1.5 2.8 2.6 1.1 3.9 .5 2.9 GDP excluding food and energy..... 3.2 2.5 2.0 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.2 2.6 2.6 3.2 1.7 1.8 2.4 2.0 1.5 3.0 .4 2.0 GDP excluding final sales of computers........................ 3.4 2.8 2.4 2.3 4.2 3.9 3.7 2.9 2.9 2.3 4.2 2.1 1.7 3.0 2.7 1.2 4.1 .6 3.0 Gross domestic purchases.......... 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.1 5.2 3.9 2.9 3.6 2.9 .6 3.6 3.3 2.2 4.0 3.5 4.2 4.5 -3.9 -1.0 Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy.................. 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.9 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.8 1.2 1.4 Gross domestic purchases excluding final sales of computers to domestic purchasers.............. 3.6 2.9 3.4 3.3 5.4 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.1 .7 3.8 3.5 2.4 4.2 3.7 4.4 4.7 -3.8 -.9 Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)............................ 2.8 2.6 3.3 2.5 4.7 3.3 1.8 3.3 3.1 -.5 3.4 3.6 2.5 4.3 3.6 4.3 5.0 -4.9 -1.0 Personal consumption expenditures excluding food and energy........ 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.6 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.3 1.8 2.4 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.4 .9 1.5 Market-based PCE\4\............... 2.6 2.4 3.3 2.2 4.9 3.2 1.4 3.1 3.1 -1.1 3.5 3.5 2.0 4.4 3.7 4.3 5.6 -5.9 -1.4 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\4\.................... 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.8 2.6 2.1 1.5 2.3 1.2 1.4 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.5 1.0 1.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Some components of final sales of computers include computer parts. 2. Farm output less intermediate goods and services purchased. 3. Consists of GDP less gross value added of farm, of households and institutions, and of general government. 4. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, the services furnished without payment by financial intermediaries) and the expenses of nonprofit institutions. See "Explanatory Note" at the end of the tables. Explanatory Note: NIPA Measures of Quantities and Prices Current-dollar GDP is a measure of the market value of goods, services, and structures produced in the economy in a particular period. Changes in current-dollar GDP can be decomposed into quantity and price components. Quantities, or "real" measures, and prices are expressed as index numbers with the reference year -- at present, the year 2000 -- equal to 100. Annual changes in quantities and prices are calculated using a Fisher formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent years. (Quarterly changes in quantities and prices are calculated using a Fisher formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent quarters; quarterly indexes are adjusted for consistency to the annual indexes before percent changes are calculated.) For example, the 2006-07 annual percent change in real GDP uses prices for 2006 and 2007 as weights, and the 2006-07 annual percent change in GDP prices uses quantities for 2006 and 2007 as weights. These annual changes are "chained" (multiplied) together to form time series of quantity and price indexes. Percent changes in Fisher indexes are not affected by the choice of reference year. (BEA also publishes a measure of the price level known as the implicit price deflator (IPD), which is calculated as the ratio of the current-dollar value to the corresponding chained-dollar value, multiplied by 100. The values of the IPD are very close to the values of the corresponding "chain-type" price index.) Index numbers of quantity and price indexes for GDP and its major components are presented in this release in tables 5 and 6. Percent changes from the preceding period are presented in tables 1, 4, 7, 8, and Appendix Table A. Contributions by major components to changes in real GDP are presented in table 2. Measures of real GDP and its major components are also presented in dollar-denominated form, designated "chained (2000) dollar estimates." For most series, these estimates, which are presented in table 3, are computed by multiplying the current-dollar value in 2000 by a corresponding quantity index number and then dividing by 100. For example, if a current-dollar GDP component equaled $100 in 2000 and if real output for this component increased 10 percent in 2001, then the chained (2000) dollar value of this component in 2001 would be $110 (= $100 x 110 / 100). Percent changes calculated from chained-dollar estimates and from chain-type quantity indexes are the same; any differences will be small and due to rounding. Chained-dollar values for the detailed GDP components will not necessarily sum to the chained-dollar estimate of GDP (or to any intermediate aggregate). This is because the relative prices used as weights for any period other than the reference year differ from those of the reference year. A measure of the extent of such differences is provided by a "residual" line, which indicates the difference between GDP (or other major aggregate) and the sum of the most detailed components in the table. For periods close to the reference year, when there usually has not been much change in the relative prices that are used as weights, the residuals tend to be small, and the chained-dollar estimates can be used to approximate the contributions to growth and to aggregate the detailed estimates. For periods further from the reference year, the residuals tend to be larger, and the chained-dollar estimates are less useful for analyses of contributions to growth. Thus, the contributions to percent change shown in table 2 provide a better measure of the composition of GDP growth. In particular, for components for which relative prices are changing rapidly, calculation of contributions using chained-dollar estimates may be misleading even just a few years from the reference year. Reference: "Chained-Dollar Indexes: Issues, Tips on Their Use, and Upcoming Changes," November 2003 Survey, pp. 8-16.